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MICI 3115 > Cytokines, CDs, and abbreviations > Flashcards

Cytokines, CDs, and abbreviations Flashcards

1
Q

IL-12

A

Heterodimer
produced by dendritic cells
activates NK cells and Th1

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2
Q

IL-23

A

heterodimer

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3
Q

IL-27

A

Heterodimer

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4
Q

IL-35

A

Heterodimer

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5
Q

p40

A

common signaling peptide for IL-12 and IL-23

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6
Q

IL-2

A 
Th1 cytokine
cell mediated response
DTH (delay-type hypersensitivity)
decreased by cAMP
required for CD8+ development
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7
Q

IFN-gamma

A 
Th1 cytokine
cell mediated response
inhibits Th2
CTL (Tc1) generation 
NK cells are an important source of IFN-gamma. 
increase macrophages
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8
Q

IL-4

A

Th2 cytokine
Humoral/B cell response
Antagonized IFN-gamma
shares a gamma chain with IL-7, IL-9, IL-15
Promotes class switching to IgG1 and IgE (T cells influence the class of the B cell)

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9
Q

IL-5

A

Th2 cytokine

Humoral/B cell response

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10
Q

IL-10

A

Th2 cytokine
Humoral/B cell response
Indirectly inhibits IFN-gamma and IL-2
Also a Treg soluble cytokine

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11
Q

IL-17

A

Th17 cytokine
inflammation
cross-regulates Treg

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12
Q

gp130

A

signal transducing peptide for IL-6, IL-11, CTNF, LIF

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13
Q

JAK

A

Janis Kinase

kinase found on cytokine receptors (hematopoeitic, interferon, and GPCRs)

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14
Q

STAT

A

phosphrylated by JAKs

transcription factor that sends the cytokine message intracellularly

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15
Q

T-bet

A

Th1 Transcription factor

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16
Q

GATA-3

A

Th2 Transcription factor

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17
Q

RORgammaT

A

Th17 Transcription factor

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18
Q

FOXP3

A

Treg Transcription factor

Treg cells take a lot of IL-2, used to decrease T cell activation

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19
Q

ERK, p38, JNK

A

MAP kinase effector molecules

cause inflammation

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20
Q

CD3

A

6 polypeptide complex that associates with TCRs to transduce intracellular signal
Has ITAMs with ZAP-70
activated/phosphrylated by p56lck

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21
Q

RSS

A

recombination specific sequences
flag sites for splicing/recombination in the variable heavy/light chains.
12bp sequence always pairs with a 23bp sequence

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22
Q

RAG1 & RAG2

A

recombination activating genes
only expressed in B or T cells
part of the V(D)J recombinase enzyme used for recombining spliced variable regions.

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23
Q

CDR

A

complementarity determining regions.

segments of the BCR variable region that undergo somatic hypermutation to become more specific to a given antigen.

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24
Q

AID

A 
Activation induced adenosine deaminase
cuts S regions of the constant heavy chain for class switching (IgA, IgG, IgE, etc.)
Also involved in somatic hypermutation of CDRs in variable BCR regions.
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25
B220
on the surface of lymphoid progenitors that are destined to be B cells
26
Ig alpha/beta
complex associated with the BCR to transduce signals. | Uses ITAMs
27
Syk
Mechanism of B cell intracellular signaling A src family tyrosine kinase phospharylated by ITAMs Syk -> BLK -> PLCgamma2 + Btk -> NFkB
28
CD40
costimulatory molecule on B cells, for B cell activation
29
CD40 Ligand
costimulatory molecule on T cells for B cell activation
30
TLRs
recognize PAMPs, and DAMPs on macrophages and dendritic cells part of the innate immune response
31
C3d
product of the complement pathway. | involved in crosslink activation of B cell (TI-2) by LPS or peptidoglycan of bacteria.
32
CD21
1 side - bound the B cell other side - associates with C3d from complement pathway involved in crosslink activate of B cells (TI-2) by bacterial molecules
33
CD4
a market for a T helper cell
34
CD8
a marker for a cytotoxic T lymphocyte
35
CCR7
A chemokine receptor that homes molecules to secondary lymphoid tissue Attracts early T lymphocytes from the thmic cortex to the thymic medulla for -'ve selection
36
CD45
first step in the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway | removes an inhibitory phosphate from p56lck
37
p56lck
phosphorylates ITAMs on CD3 | activated ZAP-70.
38
ZAP-70
activated LAT
39
LAT
produces GEF and PLCgamma
40
GEF pathway
GEF -> Ras -> Raf -> MEK -> ERK -> Elk -> Fos + Jun = AP-1
41
AP-1
an immediate gene produced from TCR activation | transcription factor
42
NFkB
inhibitory IkB is removed by IKK NFkB can translocate to the nucleus to alter transcription an immediate gene of TCR activation from the DAG pathway or the Syk pathway
43
PLCgamma
produces IP3 and DAG
44
IP3 pathway
IP3 -> calcineurin -> NFAT
45
NFAT
an immediate gene of TCR activation | transcription factor
46
DAG pathway
DAG -> PKC -> NFkB
47
VLAs, CD2, and ICAMs
adhesion factors
48
CD28
+'ve TCR costimulation
49
CTLA-4
-'ve/inhibitory TCR coostimulation | activates IDO -> decreases inflammation
50
CD80/CD86
B7 family receptor of both CD28 and CTLA-4 inhibitory or activating
51
CD25
marker on Tregulatory cells
52
CD44
marker for effector memory T cells | homing to tertiary lymphoid tissue?
53
CD-62L
L-selectin | homing to secondary lymphoid tissue
54
TNF
soluble Th1 molecule | released by macrophages and NK cells
55
TGF-beta
soluble Treg cytokine | inhibitory cytokine
56
Fas Ligand
membrane bound on CD8+ (CTL) found in vesicles on NK cells induces apoptosis when activated
57
Perforin
released by NK cells, eosinophils, and CTLs induce apoptosis inserts into the membrane to make pores perforin and granzyme = Tc1 CTL effector phase perforin only = Tc2 CTL effector phase
58
CD-16
found on all cells that do antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. eg. neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, NK cells.
59
Granzyme
released by neutrophils and CTLs induces apoptosis activate caspases and cytochrome C. Increase Bax and Bak (pro-apoptosis markers) perforin + granzyme = Tc1 CTL effector phase
60
lytic enzymes
released by neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages | used to kill things with IgG antibody coating
61
MadCAM-1
binds LPAM-1 | homing to mucosa
62
LPAM-1
binds MadCAM-1 | homing to mucosa
63
IFN-alpha/beta
via TLRS innate immune response to viruses activates NK cells
64
PKR
blocks protein translation in viruses
65
Mx
polymerization is targeted in viruses to inhibit transcription and assembly of the viral DNA/RNA
66
RNAse L
used to degrade viral RNA
67
C3a/C5a
anaphlotoxins | cause mast cell degranulation
68
Bcl-2
Anti-apoptosis signal
69
IgFcR
receptor for IgG constant region (Fc) to downregulate the activity of B cells
70
IDO
found in Treg cells activated by CTLA-4 decreased inflammation
71
prostaglandins
increase cAMP | decrease IL-2
72
IL-1, TNF, IFN-gamma
inflammatory cytokines
73
EAE
induced MS in mice
74
HLA-B27
allele that makes people more succeptible to autoimmune diseases

MICI 3115 (1 decks)

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