Cytokines And Random Immuno Things Flashcards
C5a
Chemotactic for neutrophils
C3a and C5a
Trigger mast cell degranulation resultin fin histamine mediated vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
MAC
Lyses microbes by creating a hole in cell membrane
C3b
Opsonins for phagocytosis
Tells neutrophils what to consume
clear immune complexes
Main pain causers in inflammation.
Bradykinin and PGE2 sensitize sensory nerve endings
Antiinflammatory cytokines
IL-10 and TGF-B
Neutrophils activated by
LTB4
C5a
Il-8
Bacterial products
IL-1
Secreted by macrophages
Causes fever, acute inflammation
Activates endothelium to produce adhesion molecules
IL-2
Secreted by T-cells
Stimulates growth dl helper, cytotoxic and regulatory T cells
IL-3
Secreted by T cells
Supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
IL-4
Secreted by TH2 cells
Induces differentiation into Th2 cells
Promotes growth of B cells
Enhances class switching to IgE and IgG
IL-5
Promotes differentiation of B cells
Enhances class switching to IgA
Stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils
IL-6
Secreted by macrophages and Th2 cells
Causes fever and production of acute phase proteins
IL-8
Secreted by macrophages
Chemotactic for neutrophils
IL-10
Secreted from TH2 cells and Treg cells
Modulates inflammatory response
Inhibits actions of activated Tcells and TH1
TNF-alpha
Secreted by macrophages
Mediates septic shock
Activates endothelium
Causes leukocyte recruitment, vascular leak
IFN-gamma
Secreted by TH1 cells
Antiviral and anti tumors properties
Activates NK cells to kill virus infected cells
Increases MHC expression and Ag presentations all cells
IgD
Activates naive B cells
IgM
Activates naive B cells Immediate response to Ag Neutralize mucus, tears, breast milk Activates complement
IgG
Serum higher concentration Longest half-life in serum delayed response to Ag Neutralizes bacterial toxins and viruses Opsonizes Activates NK cells Activates Complement Enters fetal circulation
IgA
2/3 of total Ig in an individual Neutralizes Mucus, tears, breast milk and sweat Prevents bacteria and vrisuses to mucous membranes Crosses epithelial cells by transcytosis
IgE
Binds mast cells and basophils Cross links when exposed to allergen leading to Type I hypersensitivity Mediates immunity to worms Lowest concentration in serum Neutralizes Allergic reaction
RAG
bind gene segments, cut the DNA and join the gene segments to produce unique light and heavy chains
B2 microglobulin
transports MHCI to plasma membrane in exocytic vesicle to present to CD8+ cells
IFN-a and B
Innate host defense against RNA and DNA viruses
synthesized by viral infected cells and act on local uninfected cells “priming” them for viral defense
RNAase L-degrades viral/host mRNA
Protein kinase inhibits viral/host protein synthesis
Resulting in apoptosis
IFN-alpha from macrophages
IFN-beta from fibroblasts
CRP
C reactive protein
Opsonin: fixes complement and facilitates phagocytosis
sign of ongoing inflammation
IL-13
Stimulates mast cell proliferation
AID
Key enzyme in isotype switching
IL-7
Bone marrow stromal cells
T cell and B cell progenitor differentiation
IL-12
Secreted by macrophages to CD4+ to differentiate into TH1 subtype in chronic granulomatous formation
TH1 then secretes IFN-gamma to recruit more macrophages
Acute phase reactants
Serum concentrations change significanly in response to inflamamtion
Produced in the liver in both acute and chronic inflammatory states
Induced by IL-6, IL-1, TNF-a and IFN-y
Serum amyloid A
Acute phase reactant
Prolonged elevation can lead to amyloidosis
Ferritin
Acute phase reactant
Binds and sequesters iron to inhibit microbial iron scavenging
Fibrinogen
Acute phase reactant
Promotes endothelial repair
Correlates with ESR
Hepcidin
Acute phase reactant
Prevents release of iron bound by ferritin
Decaying accelerating factor (CD55)
Prevent complement activation on self cells
C1 esterase inhibitor
Prevent complement activation on self cells
