Cytokines Flashcards
IL-1
From macrophage Osteoclast activating factor Fever, acute inflammation Activates endothelium to express adhesion molecules Induces chemokine secretion to recruit WBCs T cells Bone marrow IgE production IgA production Acute phase protein production
IL-6
From macrophage
Fever
Acute phase proteins
IL-8
From macrophage
Major chemotactic factor for neutrophils
IL-12
From macrophage
Induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells
Activates NK cells
TNF-alpha
From macrophage
Mediates septic shock
Activates endothelium
WBC recruitment, vascular leak
Causes cachexia in malignancy
IL-2
Secreted by all T cells
Stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells, and NK cells
IL-3
Secreted by all T cells
Supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
Functions like GM-CSF
INF-gamma
From Th1 cells
Secreted by NK cells in response to IL-12 from macrophages
Stimulates macrophages to kill phagocytosed pathogens
Also activates NK cells to kill virus-infected cells
Increases MHC expression and antigen presentation
IL-4
From Th2 cells
Induces differentiation into Th2 cells
Promotes growth of B cells
Enhances class switching to IgE and IgG
IL-5
From Th2 cells
Promotes differentiation of B cells
Enhances class switching to IgA
Stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils
IL-10
From Th2 cells
Modulates inflammatory response
Decreases expression of MHC class II and Th1 cytokines
Inhibits activated macrophages and dendritic cells
Also secreted by regulatory T cells
TGF-B also attenuates the immune response
