Cytokines Flashcards
IL-1 (osteoclast activating factor)
secreted by Macs
- fever, acute inflammation
- activates endothelium to express adhesion molecules
- induces chemokine secretion to recruit WBCS
IL-6
secreted by Macs
- fever
- stimulates prod. of acute-phase proteins
IL-8
secreted by Macs
major chemotactic factor for neutrophils to clean up infections
IL-12
secreted by Macs
- induces differentiation of T cells into TH1
- activates NK cells
TNF-a
secreted by Macs
- mediates septic shock
- activates endothelium
- WBC recruitment, vascular leak
what causes cachexia in malignancy?
TNF-a
IL-2
secreted by all T cells
- stim growth of helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells
- stim growth of NK cell
IL-3
secreated by all T cells
- supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (functions like GM-CSF)
INFy
sec. by Th1 cells and NK cells in response to IL-12
- stims Macs to phagocytosed pathogens
- inhibits diff. of Th2 cells
- act. NK cells to kill virus infected cells
- inc MHC expression and antigen presentation by ALL cells
IL-4
sec by TH-2 cells
- induces diff into Th2
- promotes growth of B cells
- enhances class switching to IgE and IgG
IL-5
sec by TH-2 cells
- promotes growth and diff of B cells
- enhances class switching to IgA
- stim. growth and diff of eosinophils
IL-10
from Th2 cells and reg T cells
- attenuates inflamm. resp.
- DEC expression of MHC II and Th1 cytokines
- inhibits ACTIVATED Macs and dendrite cells.
which two molecules attenuate the inflamm response?
TGF-B and IL-10
HOT T-bone stEAK
IL-1: fever (hot)
IL-2: T cell stimulator
IL-3: Bone marrow stimulator (sim to GM-CSF)
IL-4: IgE (class switching from IgG), B cell growth
IL-5: IgA, eosinophils
IL-6: aKute phase proteins
Classic pathway
IgG or IgM mediated
GM makes Classic cars
alternative pathway
microbe surface molecules
lectin pathway
mannose or other sugars on microbe pathway
why does splenectomy decrease immune response to encapsulated organisms?
decreased IgM –> decreased classical –> decreased C3b opsonization —> dead.
MHC I characteristics
- loci HLA-A,B,C
- binds TCR and CD8 w/ endogenous particle
- uses TAP and B2-microglobulin
MHC II characterisitcs
- loci HLA- DP, DQ, DR
- binds TCR and CD4 w/ exogenous
- uses acidified endosome/ invariant chain
IFN a, IFN B
defend against RNA/DNA viruses
glycoproteins synthesized by virally-activated cells that act locally on uninfected cells, “priming them” for viral defense by helping to selectively degrade viral nucleic acid and protein
Regulatory T- cells
express CD3, 4, 25 and FOXP3
release anti-inflamm cytokines: IL-10, TNFB factors
Proliferation and survival of T-cells requires?
costim signal btwn B7 (CD 80/86) [dendrite] and CD28 [T-cell]
Proliferation and survival of B-cells requires?
CD40 [b cell] bound to CD-40L [Th-cell].
Th secretes cytokines that determine class switching of B
