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Second Year (1st term) > Cytogenetics (ULO 1-3) > Flashcards

Cytogenetics (ULO 1-3) Flashcards

1
Q

Considered as a variant form of a gene.

A

Allele

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2
Q

Basic structural, functional and biological unit of all organisms

A

Cell

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3
Q

Who first discovered the cell?

A

Robert Hooke

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4
Q

When did Robert Hooke discovered cell?

A

1665

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5
Q

Process by which a single parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.

A

Cell division

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6
Q

A molecule found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic

organisms that contains the unique genetic code of the organism

A

DNA

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7
Q

DNA molecule found in the _____ of all eukaryotic

organisms that contains the unique genetic code of the organism

A

Nuclei

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8
Q

A unit of heredity information that occupies a fixed position on a chromosome.

A

Gene

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9
Q

A magnifying equipment of many forms use to visualize various microorganisms

A

Microscope

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10
Q

It is where a cell divides twice to produce four cells containing only half of the original amount of genetic code like that of sex cells.

A

Meiosis

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11
Q

Meiosis is where a cell divides twice to produce four cells containing only ____ of the original amount of genetic code like that of sex cells.

A

Half

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12
Q

Is the usual type of tissue growth in which two daughter cells contain the
same number and type of chromosomes as the parent nucleus

A

Mitosis

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13
Q

Who discovered nucleus?

A

Robert Brown

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14
Q

A membrane-bound organelle first discovered in plants by Robert Brown in 1833 that contains the genetic material of Eukaryotic organisms.

A

Nucleus

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15
Q

It is a complex compound bearing high molecular

weight that functions in cellular protein synthesis.

A

RNA

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16
Q

Ancient Greek Philosopher who was known to be the first person to recognize the relationships between species and organize accordingly

A

Aristotle

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17
Q

322-384 BC

A

Aristotle

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18
Q

He had a major influence on the development of many fields of medicine including anatomy, pathology, physiology and neurology.

A

Galen

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19
Q

One of his discoveries is the identification of the differences between veins and arteries and recognizing that the larynx generates voice.

A

Galen

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20
Q

129-161 AD

A

Galen

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21
Q

He used the microscopes to find out more about
the living world-his discoveries include bacteria, the vacuole of the cell and the banded
pattern of muscle fibers.

A

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)-

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22
Q

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

A

1632-1723

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23
Q

He came up with the system of naming, ranking and classifying organisms that we still use today

A

Carl Linnaeus

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24
Q

He separated all living things into three Kingdoms :animals, plants and minerals, subdivided them into genera and species.

A

Carl Linnaeus

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25
Q

Carl Linnaeus

A

1707-1775

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26
Q

He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors, the existence of new species occurring via the process of natural selection

A

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)-

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27
Q

1809-1882

A

Charles Darwin

28
Q

He used peas to discover and demonstrate the laws of

genetic inheritance, coining the terms ‘dominant’ and ‘recessive’ genes in the process

A

Gregor Mendel

29
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

1822-1884

30
Q

The laws were rediscovered at the turn of the 20th century and provided the mechanism by which Darwin’s theory of natural selection can occur. The two theories combine to form our current understanding of the evolutionary process.

A

Gregor Mendel

31
Q

Published the first illustrations of human chromosomes.

A

Walther Flemming

32
Q

Also referred to the stainable portion of the nucleus as chromatin and first used the term
mitosis.

A

Walther Flemming

33
Q

Walther Flemming

A

1882

34
Q

Introduced the word chromosome, from the Greek words for “colored
body,”

A

Waldeyer

35
Q

1888

A

Waldeyer

36
Q

Developed a technique for identifying and examining

chromosomes individually.

A

Barbara McClintock

37
Q

Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 for her discovery of transposition and how genes could turn their physical characteristics on and off.

A

Barbara McClintock

38
Q

Barbara McClintock

A

1902-1992

39
Q

Their model of DNA (double helix) explains how DNA

replicates, and heredity info is coded and passed on.

A

Watson and Crick

40
Q

1928; 1916-2004

A

Watson and Crick

41
Q

Best known for her career-long studies of chimpanzees, she discovered that the animals are omnivores and tool users: 1934

A

Jane Goodall

42
Q

They cloned a mammal, famously named Dolly

the

A

Wilmut and Campbell (1944; 1954-2012)- T

43
Q

The pair cloned Dolly using a single adult sheep cell and a process of ________

A

Nuclear transfer

44
Q

1944; 1954-2012

A

Wilmut and Campbell

45
Q

1600

A

The Cell Theory

46
Q

1 Exception of the Cell Theory

A

1650

47
Q

What is the only one exception in the Cell Theory?

A

Viruses

48
Q

1665

A

Robert Hooke

49
Q

First man to call cell “cells”

A

Robert Hooke

50
Q

Anton Van Leewenvoek

A

1676

51
Q

Father of Microbiology

A

Anton Van Leewenvoek

52
Q

Robert Brown

A

1883

53
Q

Who first discovered bacteria?

A

Anton Van Leewenvoek

54
Q

He discovered nucleus in plants.

A

Robert Brown

55
Q

Jakob Shlieden

A

1838

56
Q

1839

A

Theodor Schwann

57
Q

“Plants are made up of cells”

A

Jakob Shlieden

58
Q

1850

A

Rudolf Virchow

59
Q

“All living things are composed of cells, not just plants.”

A

Theodor Schwann

60
Q

Master microscopist who extended Schlieden’s cell theory to animal.

A

Theodor Schwann

61
Q

1859

A

Louis Pasteur

62
Q

He was the one to demonstrate that cell theory applies to diseased tissue

A

Rudolf Virchow

63
Q

Discovered spontaneous generation and first to show that living things came from living things.

A

Louis Pasteur

64
Q

His discovery of spontaneous generation contributed to the development of cell theory.

A

Louis Pasteur

65
Q

RMT

A

2023

Second Year (1st term) (1 decks)

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