Cyto Flashcards
Study of the chemical composition of cells?
Cytochemistry
Definition of cytopathology?
Study of cells to determine DX
Exfoliative Cytology
Refers to cells that are naturally shed from the body
Abrasive Cytology
Refers to cells that are removed by scraping or brushing
Pioneer in cytology
George Papanicolaou
Why is cytoprep important?
Poorly fixed/prepped cells can alter DX
Two systems of processing pap smears
Sure Path and Thin Prep
Thin Prep
Methanol based
Monolayer of cells achieved by filtering the sample and pressing the filter onto the slide.
Average 53,000 cells per slide
No collection device
SurePath
Ethanol based
Sample placed directly on slide and excess layers washed away.
Average 73,000 cells per slide
Requires collection device.
Fixative of choice for cyto
Ethanol
Why not Formalin?
Can alter the chromatin of the cell and hinder DX
Substitutes for ethanol
Denatured alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
Methanol
Commercial cytology spray fixatives
Prefixatives
Saccamanno fluid = Ethyl alcohol (980 ML)
Carbowax (20 mL)
Alcholic Saline = Saline & 50% alcohol 1:1
Common non-gyn samples?
CSF
Bronchial washings
Body fluids
Urine
Smear methods
Crush
Pull apart
Crosshatch
Nickel
Common stain for FNA samples
Diff Quik
Diff Quik Protocol
Methanol fix
Red stain
Blue stain
Rinse
Air dry
Pap Protocol
Fix 95% Ethanol
Rinse
Harris hematoxylin
Rinse
Ammonia water
Rinse
70% Ethoh (10 dips)
95% Ethoh (10 dips)
OG-6 45 sec. (Orange G & phosphotungstic acid)
95% Etoh - 2 changes
EA 2 min (Eosin Y, light green SF yellowish, Bismark brown, and phospht. acid)
95% Etoh - 2 changes
Dehydrate, clear, coverslip
Pap Results
Chromatin = Blue
Keratin = Orange
Squamos, nucleoli, cilia, RBC = pink
cytoplasm = blue green
Common organs for FNA
Breast (20-26 gauge needle)
Liver
Thyroid
Pancreas
Lung
Cell block method
place cells in albumin or agar
works best with specimens containing blood or mucus
