Cysts Flashcards
Define cyst
A pathological epithelial lined cavity within tissue
How can we categorise cysts
By either hard or soft tissue
What can hard tissue cysts be further divide into
1 Odontogenic
2. Non odontogenic
3. Non epithelialized (not cysts)
What can soft tissue cysts be further divided into
- Developmental
- Non developmental
Define odontogenic cysts
Cysts that arise from tooth forming tissues
Give examples of tooth forming tissues odontogenic cysts can arise from
- Enamel organ
- Follicle
- Epithelial cell rests
Give examples of odontogenic cysts
- Radicular cysts
- Dentigerous cysts
- Keratocyst
- Residual cysts
- Paradental cysts
- Lateral periodontal cyst
- Calcifying odontogenic cyst
- Glandular odontogenic cyst
List the 3 most common odontogenic cysts
- Radicular cysts (70%)
- Dentigerous cysts (15%)
- Keratocyst (10%)
How can we divide odontogenic cysts
As inflammatory or non inflammatory
Give examples of inflammatory odontogenic cysts
- Radicular
- Residual
- Paradental
Give examples of non inflammatory odontogenic cysts
- Dentigerous
- Keratocyst
- Lateral periodontal
- Calcifying odontogenic cyst
- Glandular odontologenic cyst
How do odontogenic cysts usually present
Usually asymptomatic are are just incidental findings on a radiograph
Can be associated with a swelling or movement/migration of teeth
What can happen to untreated odontogenic cysts
They can become infected leading to pain and swelling
How are odontogenic cysts seen radiographically
Typically well defined, corticated radiolucencies
May be unilocular (single centre) or multilocular (multiple centres)
Why are cysts a problem
- They grow
- They can move and damage teeth
- They can move and damage other strucutres
- Can become infected
- Can weaken bone leading to pathological fractures
- They can make treatment more complex
What are periapcial cysts also known as
inflammatory periapical cysts
radicular cyst
Where do periapical cysts form from
From cell rests that are activated by chronic inflammation leading to swelling and cyst formation
What can periapical cysts be confused with
Periapical granuloma
What are some differences between periapical granulomas and periapical cysts
Granuloma includes epithelial cells and white blood cells
If the tooth causing problems is extracted and the swelling stays then it is a granuloma not cyst
How can a tooth become non vital
- RCT
- Caries
- Restoration
- Trauma
What are residual cysts also known as
Residual periapcial cysts
What is a residual cysts
When a pt had a periapical cyst the tooth was extracted but the cyst came back
What are dentigerous cysts associated with
Unerutped teeth
Where does a dentigerous cyst arise from
Dental follicle due to fluid collection between the follicle and enamel
What are dentigerous cysts limited to
The amelocemental junction (limit of the enamel at the neck of the tooth)
What can dentigerous cyst cause
- May move teeth
- May cause resorption of other teeth
Where do odontogenic keratocyst arise from
Dental lamina
Describe odontogenic keratocysts
- Multilocular
- More common in the mandible than maxilla
- Commonly found at the angle of the mandible
- Can be quite extensive
- Well defined
What can odotnogenic keratocysts cause
May damage adjacent teeth
What syndrome can odontogenic keratocysts be associated with
Gorlin Goltz syndrome
What are erupting cysts associated with
Erupting teeth
Describe how an eruption cyst may present clinically
Blue in colour
Round
Always associated with an erupting teeth
Usually clear once tooth has erupted