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Radiology Module 8 > Cyst and Cyst-like Radiolucencies > Flashcards

Cyst and Cyst-like Radiolucencies Flashcards

1
Q

How do the majority of cysts in the jaws appear?

A

majority are radiolucent
- spectrum from radiolucent to mixed to radiopaque

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2
Q

why do most cyst appear radiolucent

A

reduced radio density compared to surrounding bone
as there is loss of bone, reduction in mineralisation of bone or reduced thickness of bone

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3
Q

what is a cyst

A

a pathological cavity having fluid, semi fluid or gaseous contents & which is not created by the accumulation of pus

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4
Q

types of jaw cysts

A

odontogenic
non-odontogenic

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5
Q

odontogenic cysts subgroups

A

developmental
inflammatory

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6
Q

non odontogenic cysts subgroups

A

developmental
other

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7
Q

first step in diagnosis of any lesion

A

anatomical
artifactual
pathological

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8
Q

radiolucency description

A

site
size
shape
margins
internal structure
effect on adjacent anatomy
number

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9
Q

2 ways to measure the size

A

measure dimensions
describe the boundaries

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10
Q

how to describe shape

A

locularity
- unilocular
- pseudolocular
- multilocular

general
- rounded
- scalloped
- irregular

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11
Q

description of margins

A

well defined
- corticated
- non-corticated
poorly defined
- blending into the adjacent normal anatomy
- moth eaten

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12
Q

How to describe internal structure

A

General
- entirely radiolucent
- radiolucent with some internal radiopacity
- radiopaque
Description of internal radiopacities
- amount (scant, multiple, dispersed)
-bony septae (thin/ coarse, prominent/faint, straight/ curved)
- particular structure (enamel and dentine radiodensity)

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13
Q

Position of teeth to cyst

A

around apex/ apices
at side of root
around crown
around entire tooth

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14
Q

Adjacent anatomy that can be affected

A

teeth
bone
inferior alveolar canal
maxillary sinus
nasal cavity

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15
Q

how many lesions normally occur

A

1

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16
Q

when would you suspect a syndrome

A

if multiple (>2 ) lesions

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17
Q

Potential causes of a periapical radiolucency

A

periapical granuloma
periapical abscess
radicular cyst
perio-endo lesion
cemento-osseous dysplasia
surgical defect
fibrous healing defect
ameloblastoma occuring next to tooth

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18
Q

Examples of cysts and pathologies causing cyst-like radiolucencies

A

radicular cyst
dentigerous cyst
inflammatory collateral cyst
odontogenic keratocyst
amelobalstoma
nasopalatine duct cyst
solitary bone cyst
stafne cyst

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19
Q

what is the most common pathological radiolucency in jaw bones

A

radicular cyst (70%)

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20
Q

what type of cyst is a radicular cyst

A

inflammatory odontogenic cyst

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21
Q

what is a radicular cyst always associated with

A

a non vital tooth

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22
Q

what is a radicular cyst initiated by

A

chronic inflammation at apex of tooth due to pulp necrosis

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23
Q

radicular cyst presentation

A

often asymptomatic
may become infected causing pain
typically slow growing with limited expansion

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24
Q

typical radiographic presenetion of a radicular cyst

A

site -apex of non vital tooth
size - variable
shape - unilocular and rounded
margins - well defined and corticated
internal structure - entirely radiolucent
tooth involvement - yes
effects - can displace adjacent teeth/ structres
number - single

25
variants of a radicular cyst
1. residual cyst 2. lateral radicular cyst
26
what is a residual cyst?
when a radicular cyst persists after loss of tooth
27
what is a lateral radicular cyst?
radicular cyst associated with an accessory canal
28
what type of cyst is a dentigerous cyst
developmental odontogenic cyst
29
what is a dentigerous cyst associated with
crown of an unerupted/ impacted tooth
30
what is the second most common cyst
dentigerous cyst
31
radiographic presentation of a dentigerous cyst
site - around apex of an unerupted tooth size - variable shape - unilocular and rounded margins - well defined and corticated internal structure - entirely radiolucent effects - displacement of tooth number - single
32
Dentigerous cyst vs enlarged follicle
consider cyst in follicular space >5mm consider cyst if radiolucency is asymmetrical
33
two types of inflammatory collateral cyst
buccal bifurcation cyst paradental cyst
34
what are inflammatory odontogenic cysts associated with
vital teeth
35
what is a buccal bifurcation cyst
typically occurs at a buccal aspect of mandibular first molar
36
where does a paradental cyst typically occur
distal aspect of partially-erupted mandibular third molar
37
inflammatory collateral cyst radiographic presentation
site - buccal or distal to furcation area of permanent molar size - <25mm shape - unilocular and rounded margins - well defined and corticated internal structure - entirely radiolucent tooth involvement - yes effects - tilting of tooth, cortical displacement number - single or bilateral
38
what type of cyst is a odontogenic keratocyst
developmental odontogenic cyst
39
feature of odontogenic keratocyst
high recurrence rates
40
odontogenic keratocyst radiographic presentation
site - commonly posterior mandible size - variable shape- pseudolocular or multilocular, scalloped margins - well defined and corticated internal structure - entirely radiolucent tooth involvement - no effects - marked expansion within the trabecular bone number - single
41
what is basal naevus sydrome
multiple odontogenic keratocysts
42
what is an ameloblastoma
benign epithelial odontogenic tumour
43
features of an ameloblastoma
locally destructive slow growing typically painless high recurrence rates
44
ameloblastoma types
radiological - multicystic - unicystic Histological - follicular - plexiform - desmoplastic
45
what people typically get a unicystic ameloblastoma
younger patients low recurrence risk
46
ameloblastoma radiographic presentation
site - commonly posterior mandible size - any shape - unilocular or multilocular margins - well defined and corticated internal structure - radiolucent tooth involvement - no effect - growth not constrained by cortices number - single
47
what is an odontogenic myxoma
benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumour
48
typical radiographic presentation of odontogenic myxoma
site - often premolar/molar of mandible size - any shape - multilocular and scallped margins - well defined, thin corticated margin internal structure - radiolucent tooth involvement - no effect - initially extendds into inter-radicular spaces but larger lesions displace teeth number - single
49
what type of cyst is a nasopalatine duct cyst
developmental non-odontogenic cyst
50
where does a nasopalatine cyst occur
anterior maxilla
51
nasopalatine cyst symtpoms
often asymptomatic but patient may notice salty discharge
52
nasopalatine duct cyst radiographic presentation
site - anterior maxilla in midline size - between 6-30mm in diametre shape - typically unilocular, rounded and symmetrical margins - well defined and corticated internal structure - entirely radiolucent tooth involvemt - no effects - displacement of incisors, palatal expansion number - single
53
cyst vs incisve fossa
<6mm assume incisive fossa >10mm suspect cyst measure transverse diametre
54
what is a solitary bone cyst
non- odontogenic lesion
55
features of a solitary bone cyst
technically not a cyst almost always no symptoms or clinical signs
56
solitary bone cyst radiographic presentation
site - typically posterior mandible size - typically <30mm shape - unilocular or pseudocular, scalloped margins - variable internal structure - entirely radiolucent tooth involvement - no effects - typically none number - single
57
what is the stafne defect
not a cyst but mistaken as one actually a depression in the bone contains salivary or fatty tissue asymptomatic
58
stafne defect radiographic representation
site - mandible size - usually <20mm shape - unilocular and rounded margins - well defined and corticated internal structure - entirely radiolucent tooth involvement - no effects - typcially none number - single
59
5 important points to note (in lecture)
1. infected cysts can lose their well defined, corticated margins 2. most jaws cyst will inevitably be near a tooth 3. early lesions with be small, regardless of pathology 4. term 'radiolucent' is relative 5. be flexible with pathology presentations

Radiology Module 8 (1 decks)

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