cycle test 1 - biological molecules, human transport, movement in and out of subastances

Question 1

explain how the immune system proetcts most people from becoming ill with listeriosis

Answer 1

1) kill bacteriia
2) white blood cell
3) phagocytes
4) ingest
5) lymphocytes
6) antibodies
7) binds to antigens
8) memory cells

Question 2

explain how coronary heart disease can cause death

Answer 2

1) blocked
2) coronary artery
3) clots with fat
4) less blood to heart
5) less oxygen
6) less respiration
7) heart attack

Question 3

give three ways in which the structure of an artery differs from the structure of a vein

Answer 3

1) smaller lumen
2) thicker walls
3) more elastic tissue
4) no valves

Question 4

describe how wbcs are used by the body to defend against infection

Answer 4

1) ingest
2) enzymes
3) digest
4) lymphocytes
5) antibodies
6) specific
7) antigen
8) memory cell

Question 5

name the two chambers

Answer 5

1) atrium
2) ventricle

Question 6

what are the function of the valves

Answer 6

prevent the backflow into the heart

Question 7

explain how having more red blood cells is an advantage to athletes who take part in long distance races

Answer 7

1) there is less oxygen debt
2) more oygen
3) more haemoglobin
4) more respiration
5) more energy

Question 8

explain how the strcutrure of the capillary is adapte dto help improve heart function

Answer 8

1) 1 cell thick
2) permeable

Question 9

give two adavantages of using organs produced by therapeutic cloning compared to using donated organs

Answer 9

1) not rejected
2) no shortage of organs

Question 10

suggest what happens in heart muscles cellls when the coronary artery is blocked

Answer 10

1) less oxygen
2) less glucose
3) less respiration
4) lactic acid
5) low pH

Question 11

explain the factors that affect the rate of movement into and out of cells

Answer 11

1) temp increases ke
2) difference in concentration increases rate of movement
3) shorter distance increases diffusion
4) SA:VOL ratio increases diffusion
5) smaller particles move faster

Question 12

describe the differences between the diffusion and active transport

Answer 12

1) diffusion is passive
2) diffusion from high to low concentration
3) active transport requires energy
4) active transport requires membranes

Question 13

describe a method you could use to show that the nut contains fat

Answer 13

1) crush nut
2) ethanol
3) add water
4) white emulsion