Cycle 1 - Evolution is happening

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

Change of a species over time resulting in biodiversity

Question 2

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

Answer 2

It is a zoonotic disease, type of SIV (simian immunodeficiency virus) and retrovirus.
HIV hijacks immune cells. HIV goes through reverse transcriptase.
Can result in AIDS.

Question 3

Retrovirus

Answer 3

a type of virus that transcribes RNA into DNA using reverse transcriptase therefore changing the genome of the cell

Question 4

How to treat HIV

Answer 4

Antiviral drugs (prevent virus from replicating) - AZT
no vaccine

Question 5

AZT

Answer 5

Blocks addition of more nucleotides and stops replication of the HIV genome by fooling the reverse transcriptase as AZT is very similar to thymine. After many months, HIV becomes resistant to AZT treatment.

Question 6

Evolution of AZT resistance

Answer 6

Mistakes in copying the HIV genome results in mutation. Some variants are able to reproduce in the presence of AZT, some are not.