Cyberspace Network Security And Data Transfer

Question 2

What is Cybercrime?

Answer 2

Cybercrime is using a computer to commit a crime

This includes activities such as viruses, credit card theft, and theft of company data. People involved in cybercrime are known as cyber criminals.

Question 3

What is Hacking?

Answer 3

Unauthorized access to a computer or account

Hacking is a primary threat in cybercrime, involving breaking into systems to access data unlawfully.

Question 4

What is Cyber Stalking?

Answer 4

Using digital technologies to harass an individual or organization

It often involves repeated, unwanted communication or threats through electronic means.

Question 5

What is Data Theft?

Answer 5

Theft of personal information or company data

This can include stealing sensitive information from databases or personal accounts.

Question 6

What is Denial of Service?

Answer 6

An attack that makes a computer or network unavailable

This is often achieved by overwhelming the target with traffic or requests.

Question 7

What is Digital Forgery?

Answer 7

Creating fake digital documents or signatures

This can include altering legitimate documents or creating entirely fictitious ones.

Question 8

What is Cyber Defamation?

Answer 8

False statements made online that harm someone’s reputation

This can involve spreading lies or malicious rumors about individuals or organizations.

Question 9

What is Spamming?

Answer 9

Sending unsolicited messages, usually in bulk

This often involves advertising or phishing attempts sent via email.

Question 10

What is Phishing?

Answer 10

Attempting to obtain sensitive information by masquerading as a trustworthy entity

Phishing often occurs through deceptive emails or websites.

Question 11

What is cybersecurity?

Answer 11

A collection of technologies, processes, and practices designed to protect networks, computers, programs, and data from attack, damage, or unauthorized access.

Question 12

What is phishing?

Answer 12

A cyber threat involving fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity.

Question 13

What does spamming refer to?

Answer 13

The act of sending unsolicited messages, often for advertising purposes.

Question 14

What is malware?

Answer 14

Malicious software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a computer system.

Question 15

Define hacking.

Answer 15

The act of attempting to gain unauthorized access to a computer system.

Question 16

Who is a hacker?

Answer 16

A person who gains unauthorized access to a computer with criminal intentions of corrupting or stealing data.

Question 17

What is defamation in the context of cybersecurity?

Answer 17

The act of damaging someone’s reputation through false statements, often facilitated by digital means.

Question 18

What is digital forgery?

Answer 18

The creation of false digital documents or alterations of existing documents for deceptive purposes.

Question 19

What is cyberstalking?

Answer 19

The use of the internet or other electronic means to harass or stalk an individual.

Question 20

What is data theft?

Answer 20

The unauthorized acquisition of sensitive or confidential information.

Question 21

What is denial of service?

Answer 21

A cyber attack aimed at making a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users.

Question 22

True or False: Hacking is always associated with malicious activity.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Fill in the blank: Cybersecurity aims to protect against _______.

Answer 23

[cyber threats]

Question 24

What are common techniques used by hackers to gain access to networks?

Answer 24

Common techniques include:
* Use of Worms or scripts
* Unauthorized remote connection
* Denial of service attack

These techniques exploit vulnerabilities in network security.

Question 25

What is a key logger program?

Answer 25

A key logger program records the sequence of every key press that a user completes on their keyboard. ## Footnote Hackers use this to discover legitimate users' usernames and passwords.

Question 26

Define pornography.

Answer 26

Pornography is material such as books, images, magazines, or videos that show sexual or erotic behaviour. ## Footnote It is present on the internet in various forms and may include illegal acts.

Question 27

What is cyber pornography?

Answer 27

Cyber pornography is a criminal offence that is classed as causing harm to people. ## Footnote It has become a serious problem due to easy distribution over the internet.

Question 28

What are the consequences of possessing illegal pornography?

Answer 28

Individuals found in possession or with evidence of accessing illegal material can be prosecuted. ## Footnote This includes material that shows illegal acts.

Question 29

What is cyber stalking?

Answer 29

Cyber stalking is the use of a network or electronic communications to harass or scare someone. ## Footnote It can involve monitoring the target and may include characteristics like false accusations and threats.

Question 30

List the characteristics of cyber stalking.

Answer 30

Characteristics include: * False accusations * Threats * Identity theft * Destruction of personal data * Exploitation (sexual or otherwise) * Progression to physical stalking ## Footnote Cyber stalking can occur through various communication forms.

Question 31

What is data theft?

Answer 31

Data theft is the act of stealing data from an unknowing victim or organization to obtain confidential information. ## Footnote This criminal activity is increasing for both individuals and businesses.

Question 32

What are some security precautions businesses take against data theft?

Answer 32

Businesses often use: * Firewalls * Network protection measures ## Footnote These precautions aim to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Question 33

What is a denial of service attack?

Answer 33

A denial of service attack aims to make a computer or network resource unavailable to its intended users. ## Footnote This can disrupt services by overwhelming systems with requests.

Question 34

What is digital forgery?

Answer 34

Digital forgery involves altering an image or document to make it appear as an original. ## Footnote This act is considered a crime.

Question 35

What is defamation in the context of cyber activities?

Answer 35

Defamation is sharing false information that harms an individual's reputation. ## Footnote This can occur through various digital platforms.

Question 36

What is the purpose of monitoring activities in an organization?

Answer 36

To ensure that all authorized users act in the best interests of the company. ## Footnote Monitoring helps prevent unauthorized access and data theft.

Question 37

What is data theft?

Answer 37

The act of stealing sensitive data for profit or ethical reasons. ## Footnote It can also involve sharing stolen data, commonly referred to as whistleblowing.

Question 38

What is a Denial of Service (DoS) attack?

Answer 38

A web server's inability to service clients' requests due to overwhelming traffic. ## Footnote This can happen during high demand or as a result of deliberate attacks.

Question 39

What is a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?

Answer 39

An attack where requests for a target website are sent from multiple infected computers. ## Footnote Attackers hijack these computers to flood the target with requests.

Question 40

What is digital forgery?

Answer 40

The creation of a copy of a document or image with the intent to profit from it. ## Footnote This can involve altering documents misleadingly, such as passports.

Question 41

What is defamation?

Answer 41

The communication of false information that damages a person's or business's reputation. ## Footnote Cyber defamation occurs through the internet.

Question 42

Fill in the blank: Cyber defamation is the use of the internet to share _______.

Answer 42

false information. ## Footnote This can occur through social media or other online platforms.

Question 43

What are some reasons hackers might target a website?

Answer 43

* To make a political statement * Trolling for entertainment * Blackmail purposes ## Footnote These motivations can lead to various types of cyber attacks.

Question 44

True or False: Digital forgery can involve altering a video or image to implicate someone in a crime.

Answer 44

True. ## Footnote This includes altering personal identification documents.

Question 45

What might cause a web server to be unable to send a requested page to a user?

Answer 45

Receiving large numbers of requests almost simultaneously. ## Footnote This can overwhelm the server’s capacity.

Question 46

What is spam?

Answer 46

Spam is an email or other electronic message that is sent to a person who has not requested it.

Question 47

What do many email providers do with spam messages?

Answer 47

Many email providers filter spam messages into junk folders for their users.

Question 48

Who are dpammers?

Answer 48

Dpammers are people who bulk send unsolicited messages to large numbers of internet users.

Question 49

What is the relation between spam and phishing?

Answer 49

Sending spam is sometimes the first step in a phishing campaign, hoping that a recipient will respond to a bogus email.

Question 50

Define phishing.

Answer 50

Phishing is a malicious way of obtaining sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details.

Question 51

How is phishing typically executed?

Answer 51

Phishing is often done via email by disguising it as a trustworthy source.

Question 52

What type of information do phishing attempts usually seek?

Answer 52

Phishing attempts usually seek private information, such as bank account details or passwords.

Question 53

Why is phishing still effective despite being an old crime?

Answer 53

Phishing is still effective because some emails sent by criminals can be very convincing, including elements like the company logo or a working phone number.

Question 54

What is malware?

Answer 54

Malware is software designed to gain unauthorized access to computer systems or to cause damage.

Question 55

Name a type of malware.

Answer 55

Types of malware include: * Virus * Trojan * Keylogger * Spyware * Ransomware

Question 56

What does a computer virus do?

Answer 56

A computer virus is a code that can replicate itself and infect other computers.

Question 57

What is a Trojan?

Answer 57

A Trojan is a type of malware that deceives users into thinking it is legitimate software.

Question 58

What is a keylogger?

Answer 58

A keylogger is a type of malware that records keystrokes made by a user.

Question 59

What is spyware?

Answer 59

Spyware is software that secretly monitors user activity and collects personal information.

Question 60

What is ransomware?

Answer 60

Ransomware is malware that encrypts a user's data and demands payment for its release.

Question 61

What is a virus?

Answer 61

A virus is a type of malicious software that can infect a computer, potentially causing damage or stealing information. ## Footnote Viruses can spread through various means, including email attachments and infected downloads.

Question 62

How can anti-virus software protect against viruses?

Answer 62

Anti-virus software scans a computer regularly for potential threats and needs to be updated regularly to protect against new viruses. ## Footnote Regular updates are crucial for anti-virus software to remain effective.

Question 63

What is a Trojan horse?

Answer 63

A Trojan horse is a program that performs a normal process while also executing a harmful process at the same time. ## Footnote Trojans are often disguised as legitimate software to trick users into opening them.

Question 64

What damage can Trojan horses do to a computer?

Answer 64

Trojan horses can delete data files and rearrange desktop layouts. ## Footnote Some Trojans may also allow unauthorized access to secure files.

Question 65

What is a worm in the context of computer viruses?

Answer 65

A worm is a type of virus that spreads itself via network connections without needing a host program or file to replicate. ## Footnote Worms can significantly slow down computer systems by consuming processing power.

Question 66

True or False: A worm requires a host program to replicate.

Answer 66

False ## Footnote Worms are stand-alone programs that do not need a host to spread.

Question 67

Fill in the blank: _______ can allow a hacker access to a system without a username and password.

Answer 67

Trojan horse ## Footnote Hackers may create Trojan horse programs for unauthorized data access.

Question 68

What is spyware?

Answer 68

Spyware is a type of malware designed to gather information about a person or organization without their knowledge. ## Footnote Spyware can track user activities and collect sensitive information.