Cyberflashing

Question 1

Definition of Sexting

Answer 1

Sharing of sexual content: messages, photos/videos.

Karasavva et al., 2023

Question 2

Definition of Cyberflashing

Answer 2

Sending of non-consensual and unwanted explicit images

Karasavva et al., 2023

Question 3

Definition of Consent

Answer 3

Freely choosing to do something, with the capacity to make the decision.

Sexual Offences Act 2003

Question 4

Interpretations of Consent

Answer 4

Requires choice, freedom to choose, and appropriate capacity to choose. Also knowledge of what they are consenting to.

SOA 2003

Question 5

Statistics

Answer 5

41% women received image - Smith 2008
Most under 30 - McGlynn 2022

Question 6

Gender differences

Answer 6

Girls pressured by boys for images - Setty et al., 2022

Achievements for boys - Hunehäll Berndtsson and Odenbring 2021

Both perpetrate non-consensual sharing - Setty et al., 2022

Girls more at risk of criticism for existence of photos - Goblet and Glowacz 2021; Setty 2019; Setty et al., 2022

Question 7

Motive for cyberflashing

Answer 7

Expecting a good response - Karasavva et al., 2022

Unaware of possible rejection

Enjoy the unenthusiastic response and power / control - Amundsen 2021

Sexual gratification

Hope of reciprocated nudes - Setty et al., 2022

Question 8

Legislation

Answer 8

Online Safety Act 2023 made cyberflashing an offence

First person sentenced under it was Nicholas Hawkes in February

Question 9

Criticisms of legislation

Answer 9

Requires specific motive, most sexual offences don’t

Question 10

University Women’s experience of sexting

Answer 10

84% received sexually explicit texts

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F08862605211030018

Question 11

YouGov on cyberflashing

Answer 11

47% receiving unwanted images

https://yougov.co.uk/topics/politics/articles-reports/2018/02/16/four-ten-female-millennials-been-sent-dick-pic