Cyber security

Question 1

What is cyber security?

Answer 1

-Preventing hackers from gaining unauthorised access to computers and protecting devices from malware.

Question 2

What is penetration testing?

Answer 2

-The process of attempting to gain access to a computer’s resources without knowledge of usernames and passwords, etc.

• White box = internal attempts with knowledge of system
• Black box = external attempt to hack with no knowledge of system.

Question 3

What is a virus?

Answer 3

-Malware that infects a computer, and then replicates itself to be passed onto another computer.

Question 4

What is trojan?

Answer 4

-It appears to be a harmless piece of software that contains malicious code inside. When uploaded the malware infects the computer,

Question 5

What is shouldering? How do we prevent it?

Answer 5

• Looking for information physically

- Cover your hand when typing pin and be aware of your surroundings

Question 6

How does biometrics prevent threats?

Answer 6

makes use of your physical characteristics which are unique to you.

Question 7

How does CAPTCHA prevent threats?

Answer 7

challenges humans to provide they are human and not a robot

Question 8

What is removable media and why is it bad?

Answer 8

• Storage devices that can be removed from a computer.
• Eg: USBs, DVDs
• If removable data contains malware it will attempt to move onto a computer and any other device when inserted.
• This can lead to viruses reaching several devices on a network.

Question 9

What is pharming? How do we prevent it?

Answer 9

• Users are directed to fake websites and are asked to enter personal details
• Check URL if it has a green padlock if it does it is a verified website

Question 10

What is shouldering? How do we prevent it?

Answer 10

• Looking for information physically

- Cover your hand when typing pin and be aware of your surroundings

Question 11

What is malicious code and why is it bad?

Answer 11

• Software written to harm or cause issues with a computer.
• AKA Malware
• Used to steal data
• Examples: Viruses, Trojan, Spyware

Question 12

How does biometrics prevent threats?

Answer 12

-Makes use of your physical characteristics which are unique to you.

Question 13

How does CAPTCHA prevent threats?

Answer 13

-Challenges humans to provide they are human and not a robot.

Question 14

How does software updates prevent threats?

Answer 14

-It helps fix patches in the program so there are no weaknesses for anyone to invade into the system.

Question 15

Name all the prevention techniques

Answer 15

• Passwords
• CAPTCHA
• Email confirmation
• Biometrics
• Software updates

Question 16

What are misconfigured access rights and why is it a risk?

Answer 16

• Access rights set up what can/can’t be seen when someone logs into a system.
• If access rights are misconfigured people may have permission to see and read data, like emails, that they shouldn’t be able to.

-This has ethical issues as it may lead people to break the law

Question 17

What is removable media and why is a risk?

Answer 17

• Storage devices that can be removed from a computer.
• Eg: USBs, DVDs
• If removable data contains malware it will attempt to move onto a computer and any other device when inserted.
• This can lead to viruses reaching several other devices connected on a network