Cyber Resilience and Redundancy

Question 1

What is Cyber Resilience?

Answer 1

Ability to deliver outcomes despite adverse cyber events

Question 2

Define Redundancy in the context of cybersecurity.

Answer 2

Having additional systems or processes for continued functionality

Question 3

What enables organizations to recover swiftly after cyber events?

Answer 3

Cyber Resilience

Question 4

What ensures continuous operations despite attacks or technical failures?

Answer 4

Cyber Resilience

Question 5

What is High Availability?

Answer 5

Aims to keep services continuously available by minimizing downtime

Question 6

List the elements that contribute to High Availability.

Answer 6

• Load balancing
• Clustering
• Redundancy in power
• Connections
• Servers
• Services
• Multi-cloud systems

Question 7

How is Data Redundancy achieved?

Answer 7

Redundant storage devices

Question 8

What are the types of Data Redundancy?

Answer 8

• RAID configurations
  Redundant Array of Independent Disks

Question 9

Why is Capacity Planning important?

Answer 9

Efficient scaling during peak demand

Question 10

What are the considerations for Capacity Planning?

Answer 10

• People
• Technology
• Infrastructure

Question 11

What components ensure a constant power supply to data centers?

Answer 11

• Generators
• UPS
• Line conditioners
• Power distribution centers (PDCs)

Question 12

What are the types of Data Backups?

Answer 12

• Onsite
• Offsite

Question 13

What methods are used for Data Backups?

Answer 13

• Encryption
• Snapshots
• Recovery
• Replication
• Journaling

Question 14

What is the purpose of a Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery (BC/DR) Plan?

Answer 14

Ensures smooth business operations during unforeseen events

Question 15

List the Backup Site Options.

Answer 15

• Hot
• Cold
• Warm Sites
• Geographic Dispersion
• Virtual Sites
• Platform Diversity

Question 16

What are the Testing Methods for BC/DR plans?

Answer 16

• Tabletop Exercises
• Failover Techniques
• Simulation
• Parallel Processing

Question 17

What does High Availability aim to achieve?

Answer 17

Keep services continuously available by minimizing downtime

Question 18

What does ‘Five nines’ refer to in uptime standards?

Answer 18

99.999% uptime, allowing about 5 minutes of downtime per year

Question 19

How does Load Balancing work?

Answer 19

Distributes workloads across multiple resources

Question 20

What is Clustering?

Answer 20

Uses multiple computers, storage devices, and network connections as a single system

Question 21

What is the purpose of Redundancy in systems?

Answer 21

Involves duplicating critical components to increase system reliability

Question 22

What is the Multi-Cloud Approach?

Answer 22

Distributes data, applications, and services across multiple cloud providers

Question 23

What is RAID?

Answer 23

Redundant Array of Independent Disks

Question 24

What is RAID 0?

Answer 24

Provides data striping across multiple disks, used for improved performance but offers no redundancy

Question 25

What does RAID 1 do?

Answer 25

Provides redundancy by mirroring data identically on two storage devices

Question 26

What is the minimum number of storage devices required for RAID 6?

Answer 26

At least four storage devices

Question 27

What are the four main aspects of Capacity Planning?

Answer 27

* People * Technology * Infrastructure * Processes

Question 28

What is the purpose of a Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP)?

Answer 28

Ensures an organization's ability to recover from disruptive events or disasters

Question 29

What are Hot Sites?

Answer 29

Up and running continuously, enabling a quick switchover

Question 30

What are the types of Continuity Locations?

Answer 30

* Hot Sites * Warm Sites * Cold Sites * Mobile Sites

Question 31

What is a Redundant Site?

Answer 31

Backup location or facility that can take over essential functions in case of disruption

Question 32

What is the role of Senior Management in BC/DR planning?

Answer 32

Responsible for developing the BC Plan and setting goals

Question 33

What is the purpose of the Business Continuity Committee?

Answer 33

Determines recovery priorities for different events

Question 34

What is Geographic Dispersion in the context of redundancy?

Answer 34

Spreading resources across different locations for higher redundancy

Question 35

What is the purpose of redundant sites?

Answer 35

To reduce the risk of a single point of failure and ensure resilience in case of disruptions.

Question 36

What are the three types of virtual sites?

Answer 36

* Virtual Hot Site * Virtual Warm Site * Virtual Cold Site

Question 37

What characterizes a Virtual Hot Site?

Answer 37

Fully replicated and instantly accessible in the cloud.

Question 38

What is a Virtual Warm Site?

Answer 38

Involves scaling up resources when needed.

Question 39

What is the main advantage of a Virtual Cold Site?

Answer 39

Minimizes ongoing costs by activating resources only during disasters.

Question 40

What does geographic dispersion aim to achieve?

Answer 40

Higher redundancy and mitigation of localized outages.

Question 41

What factors should be considered for redundant site selection?

Answer 41

* Technology stack * People's workspace * Long-term support

Question 42

What is the goal of resilience testing?

Answer 42

To assess a system's ability to withstand and adapt to disruptive events.

Question 43

How is recovery testing defined?

Answer 43

Evaluates the system's capacity to restore normal operation after a disruptive event.

Question 44

What are tabletop exercises?

Answer 44

Scenario-based discussions among key stakeholders to assess preparedness.

Question 45

What do failover tests validate?

Answer 45

The effectiveness of disaster recovery plans. Ensures UNINTERRUPTED use during a disasters

Question 46

What are simulations used for in disaster recovery?

Answer 46

To provide a computer-generated representation of a real-world scenario.

Question 47

What is parallel processing in the context of disaster recovery?

Answer 47

Replicates data and system processes onto a secondary system while running concurrently.

Question 48

Fill in the blank: Resilience testing tests the ability of the system to handle _______.

Answer 48

[multiple failure scenarios]

Question 49

Fill in the blank: Recovery testing tests the efficiency of the system to recover from _______.

Answer 49

[multiple points of failure]