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Welding > Cwi Definitions > Flashcards

Cwi Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

API 1104

A

Api standard for welding pipeline

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2
Q

ACGIH

A

American conference of government and industrial hygienist. Hazardous material levels

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3
Q

ANSI

A

American national standards institute. Technical and safety standards

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4
Q

ANSI Z49.1

A

Safety in welding, cutting, and allied processes, document outlining safe practices for welding and cutting operations

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5
Q

ANSI Z87.1

A

Practice for occupational and educational Eye and face protection

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6
Q

Asphyxiation

A

Loss of consciousness due to too little oxy or too high c02 in blood

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7
Q

ASME

A

American society of mech engineers

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8
Q

ASNT

A

Amer society of NDT

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9
Q

AWS A3.0

A

AWS standard welding terms and definitions

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10
Q

AWS d1.1

A

AWS welding code

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11
Q

AWS d1.5

A

AWS bridge welding code

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12
Q

AWS D15.1

A

AWS railroad welding spec cars and locomotives

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13
Q

AWS QC1

A

AWS standard for certification of welding inspectors

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14
Q

KASH

A

Knowledge attitude skills habits

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15
Q

SNT-TC-1A

A

ASNT CERT PROGRAM FOR NDT TECHS

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16
Q

Fume plume

A

Smoke close cause from welding, containing solid particles from molten metal

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17
Q

Hot work permit

A

For designed to ensure safety precautions have been considered prior to any operation with heat or open flame

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18
Q

Lock, tag, try

A

Locking out of equipment, tagging for identification, and trying equipment to make sure it’s not operational prior to repair

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19
Q

MSDS

A

Material safety data sheet. Document that identifies hazardous material in materials that have toxic properties

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20
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational safety and health act. Law that outlines requirement for safety in the workplace

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21
Q

Pinch points

A

Equipment geometry that can lead to pinching parts of the body

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22
Q

TLV

A

Threshold limit value. Permissible levels of exposure limits for hazardous materials.

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23
Q

AC

A

Alternating current. 60 cycles per second in USA

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24
Q

Alloy

A

Substance with metallic property, composed of two or more elements, with at least one metal

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25
Q

Ampere

A

Unit for measuring strength of electric current

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26
Q

Arc blow

A

Deflection of welding arc from normal path due to magnetic forces

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27
Q

Arc length

A

Distance from tip of the welding electrode to the surface of the welding pool

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28
Q

Brazing

A

Using a filler metal with a melting point above 840*f

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29
Q

Capillary action

A

In welding, force by which a liquid in contact with a solid is distributed between the faying surfaces of the joint to be brazed/soldered

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30
Q

Carburizing

A

In welding, term denoting the addition of carbon into the surfaces of hot metals through a solid solution mechanism. May occur during air carbon arc cutting

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31
Q

Coalescence

A

Joining together two or more surfaces

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32
Q

Code

A

Document adopted by city, state, etc and having legal status

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33
Q

DC

A

Direct current: constant electric polarity

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34
Q

DCEN

A

Direct current electrode negative: straight polarity

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35
Q

DCEP

A

Direct current electrode positive: reverse polarity

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36
Q

Diacontinuity

A

Any interruption of typical structure of a material: not necessarily a defect

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37
Q

Drag

A

In OFC AND PAC the amount of offset between cut entry and exit points, measured along cut edge

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38
Q

Electrode

A

Component of electrical circuit that terminates at the arc, molten conductive slag, or base metal

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39
Q

Faying surface

A

Mating surface of a member that is to be joined to another member

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40
Q

Ferrous

A

Metal that is primarily iron based, such as steel

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41
Q

Filler metal

A

Metal or alloy added in making a weld, brazed, or soldered joint

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42
Q

Flux

A

Material used to hinder the formation of oxides and other undesirable substances in molten metal and on solid metal surfaces l, and to dissolve or otherwise facilitate the removal of such substances

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43
Q

Inclusion

A

Entrapped foreign solid material: slag, flux, tungsten, or oxides

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44
Q

Incomplete fusion

A

Weld discontinuity in which fusion did not occur between weld metal and fusion faces or adjoining weld beads

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45
Q

Incomplete joint penetration

A

Joint root condition in a groove weld in which weld metal does not extend through the joint thickness

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46
Q

Inert gas

A

Gas that does not combine chemically with other materials. Argon and helium used in welding

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47
Q

Kerf

A

Width of cut produced during cutting process

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48
Q

Keyhole welding

A

Procedure that places a hole completely through workpiece. As weld progresses metal flows behind keyhole to form weld

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49
Q

Nonferrous

A

Refers to allows other than iron based. Coppe, nickel, aluminum

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50
Q

Orifice

A

In welding, a small opening, that AIDS in controlling or constricting the flow of material

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51
Q

Porosity

A

Cavity type discontinuities formed by gas entrapment during solidification

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52
Q

Progression

A

Term in welding applied to direction of vertical welding, uphill or downhill

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53
Q

Reactive gas

A

Gas that will combine chemically with other materials

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54
Q

Shielding

A

Protection from contamination

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55
Q

Slag

A

Nonmetallic product resulting from mutual dissolution of flux and nonmetallic impurities in some welding and brazing processes

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56
Q

Soldering

A

Joining materials with a filler metal at or below 840*f

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57
Q

Splatter

A

Metal particles expelled during fusion welding that do not form part of the weld

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58
Q

Tensile strength

A

In psi. Calculated by diving max load by cross sectional area. SI units MPa

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59
Q

Undercut

A

Groove melted into base metal adjacent to weld toe or root, and left unfilled by filler metal

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60
Q

Voltage

A

Electromotive force. Difference in electric potential, expressed in volts

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61
Q

Weld

A

Localized coalescence of metals or nonmetals produced by hearing the material to welding temperatures, with or without application of pressure, or application of pressure alone, and with or without filler metal

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62
Q

Actual throat

A

Shortest distance between weld root and face of fillet weld

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63
Q

Back weld

A

Weld made at back of a single groove welded joint after completion of the groove weld

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64
Q

Backing weld

A

Backing in form of a weld, made before the primary weld

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65
Q

Arc strike

A

Discontinuity resulting from an arc, consisting of any localized remelted metal, heat affected metal, or change change of the surface profile of any metal

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66
Q

Collet

A

A part of a welding torch forming a shroud

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67
Q

Back step sequence

A

Longitudinal sequence in which weld passes are made in direction opposite to the progression of welding

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68
Q

Bevel angle

A

Angle between bevel of a joint member and a plane perp to the surface of the member. Dimension equals one half the groove.

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69
Q

Block sequence

A

Combined longitudinal and cross sectional sequence for a continuous multiple pass weld in which separate increments are completely of partially welded before intervening increments are welded

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70
Q

Boxing

A

Continuation of a fillet weld around a corner

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71
Q

Buildup

A

Surfacing variation in which surfacing material is deposited to achieve required dimension

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72
Q

Buttering

A

Surfacing variation that deposits surfacing metal on one or more surfaces to provide metallurgic compatible weld metal for subsequent completion of welds

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73
Q

Butting member

A

Joint that is prevent by other member from moving in one direction perp to its thickness

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74
Q

Cascade sequence

A

Combine long and cross sectional sequences in which weld passes are made in overlapping layers

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75
Q

Cladding

A

Surfacing variation that deposit or applies surfacing material to improve corrosion of heat resistance

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76
Q

Complete joint penetration

A

Joint root condition in groove weld in which weld metal extends completely through joint thickness

77
Q

Concavity

A

Max distance from face of concave fillet weld perpendicular to line joining weld toes

78
Q

Convexity

A

Max distance from fave of convex weld to perp line joining weld toes

79
Q

Depth of bevel

A

Perp distance from base metal surface to root edge or beginning of root gave

80
Q

Depth of fusion

A

Distance that fusion extends into base metal

81
Q

Effective throat

A

Minimum distance minus any Convexity between weld root and face of fillet weld

82
Q

Fave reinforcement

A

Weld reinforcement on side of joint from which welding was done

83
Q

Fillet weld

A

Weld of approximately triangular cross section joining to surfaces at approximately right angles

84
Q

Fillet weld leg

A

Distance from joint root to toe of fillet

85
Q

Fusion

A

Melting together of base and filler metal or only base metal to produce weld

86
Q

Fusion face

A

Surface of base metal that will be melted during welding

87
Q

Groove angle

A

Total included angle of groove between workpieces

88
Q

Groove face

A

Surface of hint member included in the groove

89
Q

Groove radius

A

Radius used to form the shape of j or u groove

90
Q

Hard facing

A

Surfacing variation in which material is deposited to reduce wear

91
Q

Joint

A

Edges of members to be joined or have been joined

92
Q

Joint design

A

Shape, dimensions, ad configuration of joint

93
Q

Joint geometry

A

Shape and dimensions of joint in cross section prior to welding

94
Q

Joint penetration

A

Distance weld metal extends from weld face into joint. Exclusive of reinforcement

95
Q

Joint root

A

Portion of joint where member approach closest to each other.

96
Q

Weld type

A

Butt, corner, edge, t, lap joint

97
Q

Nonbutting member

A

Joint member that is free to move in any direction perp to its thickness

98
Q

Projection weld

A

Type of weld associated with resistance welding process that produces weld by heat obtained from resistance to the flow of the welding current

99
Q

Root edge

A

Root face of zero width

100
Q

Root face

A

Portion of groove face within the joint root “land”

101
Q

Root opening

A

Separation at joint root between two pieces

102
Q

Root penetration.

A

Distance weld metal extends into the joint root

103
Q

Root reinforcement

A

Weld reinforcement opposite the side welding was done

104
Q

Scarf weld

A

Type of groove weld associated with brazing in which mating members of joint have single bevel edge shapes

105
Q

Seam weld

A

Continuous weld made between or upon overlapping members in which coalescence may start and occur on the faying surfaces. Continuous weld may consist of. Single weld bead or series of overlapping spot welds

106
Q

Slot weld

A

Weld made in elongated hole in one member of a joint fusing two members together.

107
Q

Splice member

A

Workpiece that spans the joint in a spliced joint

108
Q

Spot weld

A

Weld made between or upon overlapping members in which coalescence may occur on the faying surface or proceed from outer surface of one member.

109
Q

Stringer bead

A

Weld bead made without weaving motion.

110
Q

Stud weld

A

Weld associated with joining metal stud to work piece. Made using arc, resistance, friction or other process with or without gas.

111
Q

Surfacing weld

A

Weld applied to surface to obtain desired properties or dimensions

112
Q

Theoretical throat

A

Distance from beginning of joint root perp to hypotenuse of largest right triangle that can be made inside fillet weld.

113
Q

Weave bead

A

Weld bead made with transverse oscillation

114
Q

Weld bead

A

Weld resulting from a pass

115
Q

Weld face

A

Exposed surface of a weld onside from which welding was done

116
Q

Weld groove

A

Opening in member or members that provides space for a weld

117
Q

Weld interface

A

Interface between weld metal and base metal in fusion weld, between base metals in a solid state weld without filler metal, or between base metal and filler metal in sold state weld

118
Q

Weld layer

A

Single layer of weld within multi pass.

119
Q

Weld pass

A

Single progression of welding along a joint

120
Q

Weld reinforcement

A

Weld metal in excess that that required to fill joint

121
Q

Weld root

A

Points shown in cross section at which root surface intersects with base metal surface

122
Q

Weld toe

A

Junction of weld face and base metal

123
Q

API

A

American petroleum institute

124
Q

Camber

A

Permissible variation from straightness is girders or beams

125
Q

Code

A

Body of laws, arranged systematically for for easy reference

126
Q

Essential variables

A

Variables that if changed beyond certain limits require to welding process to be prepared and qualified

127
Q

Heat number

A

Number assigned to each heat of steal by the manufacturing source

128
Q

Hold point

A

Specific, prearranged step in fabrication process where fab is stopped to permit an intermin inspection. Fab can begin again only when inspection show part meets quality requirements

129
Q

ISO

A

International organization of standardization

130
Q

MTC

A

Mill/material test cert

131
Q

MTR

A

Material/mill test report

132
Q

PQR

A

Procedure qualification record

133
Q

Standard

A

Something established for USe as a rule or basis of comparison in measuring capacity, quantity, quality etc

134
Q

Specification

A

Detailed description of parts of a whole. Statement of particulars as to actual or required size, quality etc

135
Q

Traceability

A

Attribute of materials control system which permits tracing any part of material used in fab back to source and certifying documents

136
Q

UNS

A

Unified numbering system

137
Q

WPS

A

Welding procedure specification

138
Q

WPQ WOPQ WPQR

A

Welder performance qualification
Welding operator performance qualification
Welding procedure qualification record

139
Q

Alloy

A

Mixture of elements creating a metal. Steel an alloy of iron and carbon

140
Q

Annealed

A

Heat treat condition of metals exhibiting minimum strength and hardness

141
Q

Austenite

A

Metal phase found in steels at elevated temp and stainless at room temp

142
Q

Austenitic

A

Term applied to group of stainless steels whose room temp stable phase is Austenite

143
Q

Brinell

A

Type of macrohardness test, largest area of 3 hardness tests. Tensile strength found my multiplying BHN by 500. BHN determined by measuring size of indentation

144
Q

Brittle

A

Behavior of metals that break without deformation. Material with little or no ductility

145
Q

Charpy (v notch)

A

Type of impact test. V carefully machined into it. Cooled to prescribed temp. Testing machine consists of pendulum with a striker head. Used to measure amount of energy absorbed during fracture.

146
Q

Cold work

A

Permanent deformation of metal below its transformation temp

147
Q

Density

A

Ratio of mass per volume. Metal is grams/cm^3

148
Q

Discontinuity

A

Interruption of normal pattern of metal. Porosity, incomplete fusion, and slag. Reject able discontinuity = defect

149
Q

Ductile

A

Ability of metal to deform under Load without breaking

150
Q

Elastic behavior

A

Deformation of metal under load without permanent deformation. When Load removed metal returns to normal shape

151
Q

Elongation

A

Stretch of material, either elastic or plastic. Percent elongation is measure of metals ductility

152
Q

Fatigue strength

A

Relative Ability of metal to withstand cyclic loading, as in stress reversal

153
Q

Ferrite/ ferritic

A

Group of stainless steels who’s room temp stable phase is ferrite

154
Q

Hardness

A

Ability to resist indentation or penetration

155
Q

HAZ

A

Heat affected zone. Zone of base metal not Melted during welding but undergoing metallurgic changes

156
Q

Impact strength

A

Relative ability of metal to absorb an impact load

157
Q

Knoop

A

Type of micro hardness test. Diamond indenter with long and short dimensions. Load of 1-1000grams

158
Q

Martensite

A

Phase in steels which forms on rapid cooling or quenching

159
Q

Modulus of elasticity

A

Ratio between stress applied and the resulting elastic strain. Slope of a metals elastic limit curve. Relative measure of materials stiffness
Young’s modulus

160
Q

Notch toughness

A

Ability of a metal to absorb energy without failure when Surface notches are present

161
Q

Plastic behavior

A

Permanent deformation of a metal under applied load. Metal does not return to original shape after load removed

162
Q

Post heating

A

Heating of completed weld and base metal after welding

163
Q

Precipitation hardening

A

Term applied to alloys which are hardened by formation of a hardening precipitate on heat treatment. Group of stainless steels

164
Q

Preheating

A

Heating of base/filler metal prior to welding

165
Q

Quenching

A

Cooling very rapidly from an elevated temp. Method of increasing hardness of heat treatable steels

166
Q

Rolling direction

A

Longitudinal direction of rolling in metal manufacturing. Same direction as rolling

167
Q

Slag inclusion

A

Discontinuity in metals, usually non metallic such as oxide or sulfide

168
Q

S-n curve

A

Number of cycles and allied stress levels to cause failure of metal samples

169
Q

Soundness

A

Metal testing, reference to freedom from imperfections. Include bend, nick break and fillet break

170
Q

Stainless steel

A

Alloy containing 12% chromium or greater

171
Q

Stress riser

A

Any surface blemish or geometry that increases applied stress at particular point on component. Weld ripples, surface scratches. Etc

172
Q

Stress relief

A

Controlled heat treatment that relieves residual stress in metals

173
Q

Tempering

A

Heat treatment, usually of quenched steel, that reduces hardness and restores ductility and toughness

174
Q

Transition temp

A

In impact testing, temp at with metal fracture changes from ductile to brittle

175
Q

Toughness

A

Ability of a metal to absorb slowly applied energy

176
Q

Ultimate tensile strength

A

Max Load carrying Capacity of a material

177
Q

Vickers

A

Type of micro hardness test that use diamond indenter

178
Q

Weldability

A

Capacity of material to be welded under the imposed fabrication conditions into a specific structure and to perform satisfactory

179
Q

Yield strength

A

Load at which a material will begin to yield or permanently deform. Also called yield point

180
Q

Deoxidizers

A

Elements or compounds which preferentially combine with oxygen to keep it from reacting with heated base or weld metal

181
Q

Duplex

A

Type of stainless fainting 50/50 ferrite and Austenite

182
Q

Nitriding

A

Case hardening process which introduces nitrogen into the surface of ferrous material at elevated temps in presence or ammonia or nitrogen

183
Q

Normalizing

A

Heat treatment by which steal heated into Austenite range and air cooled

184
Q

Pear lite

A

Layer or lamellar structure composed of ferrite and cementite

185
Q

Postheat

A

Thermal treatment given to weldment after welding

186
Q

Quenching

A

Very rapid cooling from elevated temps

187
Q

Residual stress

A

Stress remaining immediately after welding or forming operation

188
Q

AWS A2.4

A

Welding symbols

Welding (1 decks)

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