CW2 Exam 1

Question 1

spatial antagonism: ___ polarity in center & surround

Answer 1

opposite

Question 2

photoisomerization of rhodopsin leads to ___ graded potential and ___ transmitter release

Answer 2

hyperpolarizing

Question 3

1st cells to show action potentials

Answer 3

amacrine

Question 4

damage to right LGN layers 1,2 –> decreased ___ in ___ field

Answer 4

motion

Question 5

absorbs stray light, holds receptors, photopigment regeneration: ______ layer of retina

Answer 5

outermost

Question 6

____ center bipolar cell depolarizes when light decreased in center and increased in surroundings

Answer 6

Off

Question 7

conscious visual perception

Answer 7

visual cortex

Question 8

move light 4x farther away, illuminance decreases how many times?

Answer 8

sixteen

Question 9

1.0 ND filter decreases luminance ___ times

Answer 9

ten

Question 10

multiplicative activation of

Answer 10

transducin

Question 11

rod monochromat DA threshold

Answer 11

normal

Question 12

S cone photopigment

Answer 12

cyanolabe

Question 13

light entering near pupil center appears ___ than near edge

Answer 13

brighter

Question 14

ND filter which decreases luminance 20x

Answer 14

1.3

Question 15

LGN input to 1,4,6

Answer 15

contralateral

Question 16

ganglion cells detect movement; where is it?

Answer 16

parasol

Question 17

LGN to cortex connections mainly in ____ layer (4)

Answer 17

middle

Question 18

neurons mediate perception of motion in periphery

Answer 18

magno

Question 19

processes all stimulus properties for given area of visual field

Answer 19

hypercolumn

Question 20

100% bleach; 3 min ____ cone pigment regenerated

Answer 20

75%

Question 21

100% bleach; time for 75% rhodopsin regeneration

Answer 21

10 minutes

Question 22

peak density rods ____ deg from _____

Answer 22

20

Question 23

pupil A 2x wider than pupil B, luminance A 4x less than luminance B, retinal illuminance?

Answer 23

same

Question 24

supplements (cit C, E, beta carotene, more) decrease AMD…

Answer 24

progression

Question 25

quantal ____ in light intensity impacts threshold

Answer 25

fluctuations

Question 26

LGN layers which receive S cone input; blue yellow color vision

Answer 26

koniocellular

Question 27

ganglions show spatial & chromatic antagonism

Answer 27

midget

Question 28

photochromatic interval ~ ____ for red light

Answer 28

ZERO

Question 29

15% bleach elevates threshold ___ times

Answer 29

1,000

Question 30

LGN input to 2,3,5

Answer 30

ipsilateral

Question 31

horizontal, bipolar, amacrines in _____ nuclear layer

Answer 31

inner

Question 32

damage to left LGN 3,4,5,6 -- decreased ____ and ___ in ____ VF

Answer 32

color

Question 33

1-cell thick, basal & apical membranes, tight junctions

Answer 33

RPE

Question 34

L cone photopigment

Answer 34

erythrolabe

Question 35

rod monochrom; 2 lights with same radiance and scotopic lum coefficients appear ____?

Answer 35

equal

Question 36

detect 100MS light 4000 quanta/sec; _____ quanta at threshold

Answer 36

400

Question 37

chlorolabe

Answer 37

MPIG

Question 38

detect 2x2 min sq 1000 quanta/sq min; intensity to detect 4x4 min sq; ___ quanta/sq. min

Answer 38

250

Question 39

on-? bipolar cell depolarizes/excites when light is increased in _____ and decreased in ____

Answer 39

center