CVSR Tx & Pharma

Question 1

Name the 2 major classifications of Respiratory Drugs & broad sub groups

Answer 1

Relievers: B2 Agonists (SABA/LABA), Anticholinergics (SAMAs/LAMAs), Xanthines
Preventers: ICS, Leukotrine REeceptor Antagonists, Cromones, MAbs

Question 2

SABA/LABA: provide the MoA, Use & an example of each

Answer 2

SABA: Salbutamol (ventolin)
LABA: Salmeterol (Serevent)
Use: Asthma & COPD
MoA: B2 adrenergic agonists - - stimulate B2 adrenoreceptors = relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle to = bronchiodilation

Question 3

SFx of B2 Antagonists

Answer 3

may have B1 SFx: tachycardia, tremor

Question 4

Anticholinergics: provide the MoA, Use & 2 examples

Answer 4

SAMA: Ipratropium
LAMA: Tiotropium
Use: Asthma, COPD
MoA: reduce cholinergic bronchomotor tone = bronciodilation

Question 5

Considerations/Risks for LAMA use

Answer 5

do not use LAMA monotherapy (increases Rx of Asthma exacerbation assoc with death)
Remedy - always prescribe ICW ICS

Question 6

Xanthines: provide an example, indicators for use & MoA

Answer 6

Eg: Thiopholin
Use: Asthma
MoA: unk moa - SFx = relaxation of bronchial smooth mm., anti-inflammatory effects, increased diaphragmatic contractility & CNS stimulation

Question 7

List the classes of Preventers & Provide an example for each

Answer 7

ICS - Budesonide
Leukotrine REceptor Antagonists - Monteleukasts
Cromones - Cromoglycate, Neodoromil
MAbs - …

Question 8

ICS: provide an example & MoA

Answer 8

Eg: Budesonide
MoA: Immunosuppressive & Anti-inflammatory (reduce long-term lung damage & fibrosis) via transduction of inflamatory and cytokin genes

Question 9

List SFx of ICSs

Answer 9

• Oral Candidiasis
• Sore throat
• moon face
• buffalo hump
• thinning of skin
• delay in wound healing
• increased bruising
• long term & high does: reduction in bone density & increased Rx of Osteoporosis
• Adrenal supression (high dose)
• Impared growth (adolescents)

Question 10

Leukotrine Receptor Antagonists: Provide an Example, MoA & indications for use & SFx

Answer 10

Eg. Monteleukast
Use: Asthma preventer
MoA: blocks leukotrine receptors (blocks arachadonic acid pathway) = reduction in airway inflammation
SFx: headache, abdo pain, diarrhoea

Question 11

Considerations for use of ICS

Answer 11

start with low dose & adjust IAW response

• spacer preferred over nebulised form (spacer = more efficient delivery)
• rinse & gargle after oral admin to reduce Rx of oral candidiasis
• check inhaler technique regularly

Question 12

List Drugs used in TB Therapy

Answer 12

RIPES: (TBC)
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethanbutol
Streptomycin