cvs vasculature

Question 1

lateral leads and blood supply

Answer 1

I, aVL, v5-v6
blood supply: Left circumflex artery, or diagonal of left anterior descending artery. (lcx,LAD)

Question 2

Inferior leads and blood supply

Answer 2

II, III, aVF
Right coronary artery and or left circumflex artery

Question 3

Anterior/septal leads and blood supply

Answer 3

v1-v4
Left anterior descending artery

Question 4

left circumflex artery supplies

Answer 4

LA & LV

Question 5

Left anterior descending artery (LAD) supplies

Answer 5

RV, LV and interventricular septum

Question 6

Left marginal artery supplies

Answer 6

LV

Question 7

Right marginal artery

Answer 7

right ventricle and apex

Question 8

Right coronary: Region supplied

Answer 8

Right atrium
SA and AV nodes

Posterior part of interventricular septum (IVS)

Question 9

Right coronary :Vein draining region

Answer 9

Small cardiac vein
Middle cardiac vein

Question 10

Right marginal: Region supplied

Answer 10

Right ventricle
Apex

Question 11

Right marginal: Vein draining region

Answer 11

Small cardiac vein
Middle cardiac vein

Question 12

Posterior interventricular: region supplied

Answer 12

Right ventricle
Left ventricle

Posterior 1/3 of IVS

Question 13

Posterior interventricular: draining region

Answer 13

Left posterior ventricular vein

Question 14

Left coronary: region supplied

Answer 14

Left atrium
Left ventricle

IVS

AV bundles

Question 15

Left coronary: draining region

Answer 15

Great cardiac vein

Question 16

Left anterior descending: region supplied

Answer 16

Right ventricle
Left ventricle

Anterior 2/3 IVS

Question 17

Left anterior descending: draining region

Answer 17

Great cardiac vein

Question 18

Left marginal: region supplied

Answer 18

Left ventricle

Question 19

Left marginal: draining region

Answer 19

Left marginal vein
Great cardiac vein

Question 20

Circumflex: region supplied

Answer 20

Left atrium
Left ventricle

Question 21

Circumflex: draining region

Answer 21

Great cardiac vein

Question 22

inferior ecg leads changes and artery that is ocluded

Answer 22

II, III, aVF
RCA

Question 23

Anteroapical ecg leads changes and artery that is ocluded

Answer 23

V3 and V4
distal LAD

Question 24

Anteroseptal ecg leads changes and artery that is ocluded

Answer 24

V1 and V2
LAD

Question 25

Anterolateral ecg leads changes and artery that is ocluded

Answer 25

I, aVL, V5 and V6 Circumflex artery

Question 26

Extensive anterior ecg leads changes and artery that is ocluded

Answer 26

I, aVL, V2-V6 Proximal LCA

Question 27

True posterior ecg leads changes and artery that is ocluded

Answer 27

Tall R in V1 RCA

Question 28

S1

Answer 28

Mitral and tricuspid closure

Question 29

S2

Answer 29

Aortic and pulmonary

Question 30

The morphologic changes with normal aging of the heart.

Answer 30

decreased left ventricular chamber size decrease in chamber length causes the ventricular septum to acquire a siqmoid shape, increased interstitial connective tissue, lipofuscin pigment

Question 31

atheroembolism

Answer 31

cholesterol crystals break through and enter the circulation. typically occurs after invasive vascular procedure

Question 32

posteriomedial papillary muscle is supplied by

Answer 32

posterior descending artery, a branch of right coronary artery

Question 33

anteriolateral papillary muscle is supplied by

Answer 33

left anterior descending left circumflex

Question 34

dobutamine

Answer 34

cardiac stress test increases heart rate used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock and severe heart failure.

Question 35

prinzmetal angina

Answer 35

Young age (50<) Minimal CAD risk factors (other than smoking) Recurrent chest discomfort o At rest or during sleep o Spontaneous resolution <15 min endothelial dysfunction

Question 36

mechanical complication of acute MI

Answer 36

1.Papillary muscle rupture/dysfunction (acute or within 3-5 days) 2.interventricular septum rupture acute or within 3-5 days 3.free wall rupture within 5 days or up to 2 weeks 4. left ventricular aneurysm up to several months

Question 37

clopidogrel

Answer 37

acts by inhibiting adenosine receptors, which inhibits the early step of platelet activation

Question 38

aspirin

Answer 38

inhibits platelet cyclooxygenase by irreversible acetylation, thereby preventing the formation of thromboxane A2 which is a powerful stimulant of platelet aggregation

Question 39

in Mobitz type 1 second-degree atrioventricular block. Which of the arteries is blocked?

Answer 39

right coronary

Question 40

morbitz type 1 second degree av block

Answer 40

also known as Wenckebach block, is characterized by a progressive lengthening of the PR interval until an atrial impulse is eventually blocked and a QRS complex is dropped.

Question 41

metalloproteinases function in atherosclerosis

Answer 41

Activated macrophages infiltrating the atheroma contribute to the breakdown of extracellular matrix proteins (eg, collagen) by secreting metalloproteinases.

Question 42

Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase

Answer 42

Hydroxymethylglutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis and is mostly expressed in the liver, intestine, adrenal cortex, and reproductive tissues. Patients with hyperlipidemia are typically treated with statins (eg, atorvastatin), which competitively inhibit HMG CoA reductase.

Question 43

lysyl oxidase function

Answer 43

Lysyl oxidase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the formation and stability of connective tissues in the body, such as collagen and elastin.

Question 44

first step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis begins with which cells?

Answer 44

endothelial