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BC1 January 2019 CVS > CVS terminology > Flashcards

CVS terminology Flashcards

Load as many CVS related terms as possible, along with the answers.

1
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration of the skin

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2
Q

Tachycardia

A

Fast heart rate (more than 100bpm)

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3
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction

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4
Q

Angioedema

A

Dilation and swelling of blood vessels

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5
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood

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6
Q

Angiogram

A

A procedure that uses contrast and x-ray imaging to view obstructions is blood vessels
(visualisation of blood vessels)

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7
Q

Angioplasty

A

A minimally invasive endovascular procedure to widen narrowed or obstructed arteries or veins (repair of vessels)

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8
Q

Aortic stenosis

A

Narrowing of the valve in the large blood vessel branching off the heart (aorta).

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9
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

Disturbance in cardiac conduction system/heart rhythm

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10
Q

Artherosclerosis

A

The build up of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on the artery walls, and formation of plaque. (sclerosis - hardening)

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11
Q

Anticoagulant

A

Prevent coagulation

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12
Q

Heamaturia

A

Blood in urine

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13
Q

Asystole

A

A cardiac arrest rhythm with no discernible electrical activity on the EKG monitor
(No contraction of ventricle)

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14
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

An irregular, often rapid heart rate generated in atria, but not from the SA node

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15
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

A sclero degenerative disease of arterial wall marked by intimal lipid deposit, fibrous tissue accumulation and smooth muscle cell proliferation

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16
Q

Baroreceptor

A

Located in the carotid sinus and in the aortic arch. Their function is to sense pressure changes by responding to change in the tension of the arterial wall.
(Baro=pressure, receptor =receiving signals)

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17
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

An enlarged heart, which is usually a sign of another condition.

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18
Q

Cardioversion

A

A medical procedure by which an abnormally fast heart rate or other cardiac arrhythmia is converted to a normal rhythm using electricity or drugs

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19
Q

Defibrillation

A

The stopping of fibrillation of the heart by administering a controlled electric shock, to allow restoration of the normal rhythm

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20
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

The process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed over the skin. ECG

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21
Q

Embolectomy

A

Surgical removal of an embolus.

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22
Q

Embolism

A

Obstruction of an artery, typically by a moving bloodclot, air, fat or amniotic fluid.

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23
Q

Hemolysis

A

The breakdown of red blood cells.

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24
Q

Hemostasis

A

Process which causes bleeding to stop, meaning to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel.

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25
Q

Hypertension

A

A condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls is too high.
(hyper = high, tension=pressure)

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26
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cells

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27
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure, which can cause fainting or dizziness because the brain doesn’t receive enough blood.

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28
Q

Hypothermia

A

When the body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature.

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29
Q

Hypovolemia

A

Low circulating volume

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30
Q

Intravascular

A

Within a blood vessel .

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31
Q

Intravenous

A

Existing or taking place within, or administered into, a vein or veins.

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32
Q

Ischemia

A

Reduced blood flow.

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33
Q

Median Sternotomy

A

Type of surgical procedure in which a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided, or “cracked”.

34
Q

Parietal Pericardium

A

The outer layer of thepericardiumwhich is a conical sac offibrous tissue that surrounds the heart and the roots of the great blood vessels.

35
Q

Percardiocenthesis

A

Procedure where fluid is aspirated from the pericardium.

36
Q

Pericardial Tamponade

A

Compression of the heart caused by fluid collecting in the sac surrounding the heart.

37
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

38
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein.

39
Q

Thrombosis

A

Development of blood clot

40
Q

Prophylaxis

A

Treatment given or action taken to prevent disease.

41
Q

Inspiration

A

The act of drawing in air into the lung

42
Q

Semilunar

A

Shaped like a half-moon or crescent.

43
Q

Haematemesis

A

Vomiting blood

44
Q

Pericarditis

A

A swelling and irritation on the thin sac-membrane surrounding the heart (pericardium

45
Q

Pyrexia

A

Fever or elevated body temperature

46
Q

Artery

A

A blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body.

47
Q

Suprasteral

A

Above the sternum

48
Q

Supraventricular tachycardia

A

A faster than normal heart rate beginning above the heart’s two lower chambers.

49
Q

Pallor

A

Absence of normal skin coloration

50
Q

Sympathomimetic

A

A drug producing physiological effects characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system by promoting the stimulation of sympathetic nerves.

51
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Low number of platelets in blood

52
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Relatingto the circulatory system

53
Q

Coronary Occlusion

A

An obstruction of one of the coronary arteries that hinders blood flow tothe heart muscle.

54
Q

Thrombolysis

A

The breakdown of blood clots formed in blood vessels, using medication.

55
Q

Tricuspid

A

A Valve formed of three triangular segments, particularly that between the right atrium and ventricle of the heart.

56
Q

Endocardium

A

The inner most lining of the heart.

57
Q

Pus

A

A thick liquid resulting from inflammation composed of cells,liquid,microorganisms and tissue debris

58
Q

Epicardium

A

The thin membrane covering the outside surface of the heart muscle.

59
Q

Arterial

A

Relating to a Artery

60
Q

Haemoglobin

A

The red pigment contained in red blood cells which carries oxygen

61
Q

Cardiothoracic

A

Pertaining to the heart and thoracic cavity

62
Q

Peripheral pulmonic stenosis

A

Is a narrowing within one or more branches of the pulmonary arteries that manifests on physical exam as a systolic ejection murmur in infants

63
Q

Aneurysm

A

A sac-like protrusion from a blood vessel or the heart, resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall or heart muscle

64
Q

Heart

A

A hollow muscular organ that pumps the blood through the circulatory system by rhythmic contraction and dilation

65
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

An acquired or hereditary disease of the heart muscle.

66
Q

Subdural hematoma

A

A collection of blood between the brain and the skin.

67
Q

Heart failure

A

Refers to the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to satisfy the needs of the body.

68
Q

3 Types of arteries

A

Elastic arteries
Muscular arteries
Arterioles (the smallest)

69
Q

2 main types of cyanosis

A

Central cyanosis- the core,lips and tongue.

Peripheral cyanosis- usually the extremities.

70
Q

Variant angina

A

When cornonary ateries goes into spasms

71
Q

Bruit

A

Sound produced by turbulent blood flow through an irregular tortuous stenotic or dilated vessel

72
Q

Mitral valve prolapse

A

Improper closure of the Mitral valve /”leaky valve”

73
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

Sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up from a sitting position

74
Q

Postprandial hypotension

A

Sudden drop in blood pressure after eating

75
Q

Mayocarditis

A

Inflammation of the cardiac muscle lahee lf the heart

76
Q

Sclerotherapy

A

Procedure for removing varicose veins

77
Q

Phlebotomy

A

A venous incision or puncture made for the purpose of withdrawing blood

78
Q

Cardiataxia

A

Irregularity of the heart action due to incoordination of the contractions

79
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

Enlargement of the heart

80
Q

Cardiosphygmograph

A

An instrument for recording the heart movement and pulse

81
Q

Cardiovalvulitis

A

Inflammation of the heart valves

82
Q

Cardiotonic

A

Increasing the contractility of the heart muscle and slowing it’s rate and thus increasing efficiency of the cardiac pumping.

BC1 January 2019 CVS (1 decks)

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