CVS physiology - Introduction

Question 1

For blood flow, what is the term used to describe the volume of blood pumped round the circulation by the left ventricle per minute?

Answer 1

Cardiac output – approximately 5 L/min at rest

Question 2

What is the name used for the quantity of blood pumped out by the heart with each beat?

Answer 2

Stroke volume – approximately 70 mL. This is multiplied by the heart rate to calculate the cardiac output

Question 3

What is required to create flow of a fluid?

Answer 3

A difference in pressure (pressure gradient)

Question 4

What are the main types of receptor present in the:

heart

peripheral blood vessels

Answer 4

Heart:

cholinergic (muscarinic) - parasympathetic

adrenergic β1 - sympathetic

Peripheral blood vessels

adrenergic α1 - sympathetic