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SBM - Pharmacology > CVS Flash Cards > Flashcards

CVS Flash Cards

1
Q

What’s the MOA of LMWH?

A

Factor Xa inhibitor (vua antithrombin III)

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2
Q

What’re the side effects of LMWH?

A

Bleeding

Thrombocytopenia

Osteoprosis

Alopecia

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3
Q

What’re the drug interactions of LMWH?

A

Antiplateelets

NSAIDs

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4
Q

What’s the MOA of NSAIDs?

A

Non-selective COX inhibition

This inhibits production of prostaglandins and thromboxans

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5
Q

Adverse effects of NSAIDs

A

Gi disturbance

Renal impairments

Bronchospasm

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6
Q

What’s the MOA of Clopidogrel?

A

Inhitibits binding of ADP to platelet R

Reduced expression of of GPIIb/IIIa complex

Inhibits platelet aggregation

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7
Q

Cautions and Contracindications of Clopidogrel

A

Active bleeding (peptic ulcer, intracranial bleed)

Breast feeding

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8
Q

What’re the adverse effects of clopidogrel?

A

Dyspepsia

Diarrhoea

Haemorrhage

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9
Q

What’re the indications of Diltazem?

A
  1. Arrhythmias
  2. Angina
  3. HTN
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10
Q

What’s the MOA of Diltazem?

A

Blocks L-shaped CCBs

Rate limiting

Cardiac slowing

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11
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Diltazem?

A

Sick sinus syndrome

LVF

Bradycardia & HB

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12
Q

What’re the adverse effecs of Diltazem?

A

Constipation

Bradycardia

Hypotension

Headache

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13
Q

What’re the Cautions and Contraindications of Frusemide?

A

Hypotension

Hypovolaemia

Hypokalaemia / Hyponatraemia

Renal Failure

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14
Q

What’re the indications for Nitrates?

A
  1. Angina
  2. LVF
  3. Acute Pulomary Oedema
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15
Q

What’s the MOA of nitrates?

A

Converted to nitric oxide

Increased cGMP

Causes smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation

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16
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of nitrates?

A

Hypotension

Aortic Stenosis

Closed Angle Glaucoma

17
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindictions of ACEi?

A

Renal artery stenosis

Pregnancy

Renal Failure

18
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Aspirin?

A

Active peptic ulcer

AF

<16

19
Q

What’re the adverse effects of Aspirin?

A

Bronchospasm

Peptic Ulcer

Gastric irritation

Increased bleeding time

20
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Amlodipine?

A

Aortic Stenosis

Cardiogenic Shock

Unstable Angina

21
Q

What’re the adverse effects of Amlodipine?

A

Palpitations

Flushing

Oedema

Headache

22
Q

Warfarin blocks vitmain K dependent clotting factors. Which else does it also inhibit?

A

Protein C and S

23
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Warfarin?

A

Peptic ulcer disease

Recent surgery

Recent Stroke

Renal / Hepatic Impairment

Pregnancy

24
Q

What’re the adverse effects of Warfarin?

A

N&V

Bleeding

Diarrhoea

Jaundice

25
Q

What’re the drug interactions of Warfarin?

A

Increase

  • Antibiotics
  • Amiodarone and diuretics
  • Alcohol
  • Aspirin / clopidogrel / NSAIDs

Decrease

  • Antiepileptics
  • Oestrogens and OCP
26
Q

What’re the indications for Spironolactone?

A

Congestive HF

Primary Hyperaldosteronism

Nephrotic Syndrome

27
Q

What’s the MOA of Spironolactone?

A

Aldosterone antagonist

Decreased activity of Na+/K+ ATPase

Increased Na+ loss, Decreased K+ loss

28
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Spironolactone?

A

Hyperkalaemia

Hyponatraemia

Renal Impairment

29
Q

What’s the MOA of Losartan?

A

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker

Decreased afterload and decreased circulating volume. Therefore, decreased BP

30
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Losartan?

A

Renal artery stenosis

Pheripheral vascular disease

Pregnancy

31
Q

What’re the adverse effects of Losartan?

A

Hypotension

Renal impairment

Hyperkalaemia

Angioedema

32
Q

What’s the MOA of Digoxin?

A

Inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase in the myocardium

Slows conduction at the AV node

33
Q

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Digoxin?

A

Complete and incomplete HB

Wolf-parkinson white syndrome

Ventricular tachycardia

Myocarditis

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

34
Q

What’re the adverse effects of Digoxin?

A

Dizziness

Blurred or yellow vision

Arrhythmias / Conduction defects

35
Q

What drugs interact with Digoxin?

A

BB

Diuretics

Verapamil / Diltazem

36
Q

What’re the adverse effects of Statins?

A

Rhabdomyolysis

Hepatitis

SBM - Pharmacology (3 decks)

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