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Physical Diagnosis: CVS > CVS > Flashcards

CVS Flashcards

1
Q

Precordium

A

vertically from 2nd-5th ICS and transversely from right border of sternum to LMCL

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2
Q

Base

A

R and L 2nd ICS close to sternum

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3
Q

Apex

A

5th ICS
1-2 cm median to MCL
7-9 cm lateral to MSL

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4
Q

R border of the heart and the chamber

A

3rd ICC 2 cm lateral to the sternum down to the 6th Right CCJ

Right atrium

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5
Q

L border of the heart and the chamber

A

apex to the 2nd L ICC9 1-2 cm to the left of its articulation with the sternum

Left ventricle and superiorly by the left atrium

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6
Q

Inferior border of the heart and the chamber

A

6th R CCJ to the 5th ICS 1-2 cm median to the MCL

Right ventricle

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7
Q

Aortic

A

2nd LCS Right PSL

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8
Q

Pulmonic

A

2nd ICS Left PSL

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9
Q

Triscuspid

A

4th-5th ICS left lower sternal border (left xiphisternal junction

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10
Q

Mitral

A

5th left ICS median to MCL

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11
Q

S1 and S2

A

closure of Atrioventricular valves M1 T1

closure of semilunar valves A2 P2

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12
Q

S3 and S4

A 
ventricular filling (gallop)
atrial contraction
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13
Q

Chest pain that improves when leaning forward

A

pericarditions

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14
Q

Exertional pain radiating to the left sode of the neck

A

angina pectoris

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15
Q

sharp pain radiating to the back or into the neck

A

aortic dissection

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16
Q

transient skips and flipflops

A

premature contractions

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17
Q

rapid regular rate more than 100 but less than 120 bpm

A

sinus tacchycardia

18
Q

paroxysmal noctural dsypnea suggestd

A

Left ventricular heart failure or mitral stenosis

19
Q

central cyanosis is significant in

A

right-to-left- shunting at the level of the heart or lung

20
Q

ventricular septal defect, partial obstruction of right ventricular outflow and pulmonary valve

A

tetralogy of falot

21
Q

AKA peripheral cyanosis, small vessel contriction

A

acrocyanosis

22
Q

cyanosis seen in Patent ductus arteriosus with right-to–left shunting( reversal of shunting)

A

Differential cyanosis

23
Q

what is differential cyanosis

A

cyanosis of the lower but not the upper extremetries

24
Q

defect at the descending aorta and pumonary artery

A

patent ductus arteriosus

25
Q

lesions seen in infective endocarditis

A

Osler’s node, Janeway lesions, splinter hemorrhages

26
Q

Janeway’s lesion

A

nontender, slighly raised hemorrhage at the palms or sole

27
Q

Osler’s nodes

A

tender, raised nodule on the pad;s of fingers

28
Q

sign to check for clubbing of fingers

A

Schamroth sign’s

29
Q

Schamroth’s sign seen in

A

central right-to-left shunting and endocarditis

30
Q

Unoppsed fingerized thumb is found in what defect and associated with what disease

A

Atrial septal defect seen inHolt-Oram Syndrome

31
Q

positive wrist sign is seen in what defect

A

arachinodactyly or spider fingers

32
Q

positive thumb sign is seen in what disease

A

Marfan Syndrome

33
Q

Marfan Syndrome is associated with what heart defects

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse and Aortic aneurysm

34
Q

prolonged y descend is associated with what defect

A

triscupid stenosis and pericardial tamponade

35
Q

increases JVP is significant in what heat diseases

A

Right sided heart failure due to constrictive pericarditis, triscuspid failure, SVC obstruction

36
Q

prominent a wave is indicated, resistance to atrial contraction

A

triscuspid stenosis and decreased compliance in hypertrophied RV

37
Q

Cannon A wave means

A

3rd degree AV block;

right atrial contraction against closed tricuspid valve

38
Q

Absent a wave indicates

A

atrial fibrillation, no discernable p waves, irregular RR intervals

39
Q

Larger v waves indicates

A

tricuspid regurgitation

40
Q

giant cv waves

A

severe TR

41
Q

prolonged y wave

A

tricuspid stenosis and cardiac tamponade

42
Q

pulsation descends with inspirstion, rise or lack of fall of JVP with inspiration

A

kussmaul’s sign

Physical Diagnosis: CVS (1 decks)

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