CVS Flashcards
flow rate
500ml/min
what does cardiac muscle NOT exhibit
why
tetanus
long AP and refactory period
CO =? x?
HR X SV
what increases venous return
skeletal muscle pump and resp pump
what controls pacemaker potential at SA node x2
influx of calcium via Ltype channels
eflux of potassium
treatemtn for hypertension under 55
ACE inhibitors
treatment for hypertension elderly, child brearing or black
calcium channel blockers
ace inhibitor example
calcium channel blocker example
remipril
verapril
first line for mild-moderate BP
thiazide diuretics
stable angina
pain on exertion fading within minutes of rest,
via stable atherosclerotic plaques
pain onset by cold weather, emotional distress, large meals
unstable angina
pain at rest via unstable atherosclerotic plaques liable to rupture and causing thrombus
STEMI
on ECG
in patient
ST elevation present on ECG is a sign of complete occlusion of a pericardial
coronary artery,
causing immediate myocardial
NSTEMI
on ECG
in patient
ST depression present on ECG is a sign of partial coronary occlusion, more
routine heart attack,
STEMI and NSTEMI treatment
PCI, thrombolysis
beta blovkers, AE inhibitors
first degree heart block
prolonged PR interval
second degree heart block Mobitz type 1
progressive lengthening of PR
interval and eventual failure of conduction of atrial beat
second degree heart block Mobitz type 3
treatment
most beats conducted with constant PR
interval, occasionally no beat conduction,
treated via pacemaker
Third degree heart block
treatment
no relationship between P waves and QRS
complexes,
treated via pacemaker
system to calc need for anticoagulation
CHADVASC
system to calc risk of bleeding
HADBLED
treatments for heart failure x4
lifestyle
loop diuretics +/- thiazide
ACE inhibitors
beta blocker
triad of aortic stenosis
syncope
angina
heart faiure
