CVD

Question 1

What is cvd?

Answer 1

General term for condition affecting the heart/ blood vessels

Question 2

When does cvd occur?

Answer 2

When one or more of the coronary arteries is narrowed/blocked with fatty deposits/ cholesterol

Question 3

What happens when coronary arteries are blocked?

Answer 3

Blood supply to heart is reduced, forcing heart to work harder to pump blood around body.
If arteries become totally blocked, blood cannot flow in heart. (Results in heart attack)

Question 4

What are the non-modifiable risk factors for cvd?

Answer 4

Gender-being male
Getting older
Family history

Question 5

What are the 5 modifiable risk factors for cvd?

Answer 5

1. EATING TOO MUCH SATURATED FAT- increased cholesterol
2. EATING TOO MUCH SALT- increased blood pressure, puts strain on heart
3. CONSUMING TOO MUCH ALCOHOL- damages heart muscle, abnormal heart rhythms, increased blood pressure
4. SMOKING- reduces amount of oxygen reaching heart. Blood clots. Build up of fatty deposits. High blood pressure.
5. LACK OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY- heart muscle doesn’t function properly. Causes obesity. Increased blood pressure

Question 6

Describe the Mediterranean diet

Answer 6

1) more fruit + veg, whole grain bread + cereals, nuts and pulses, seeds + fish
2) less saturated fat from red meat+ dairy foods
3) moderate alcohol consumption
4) high levels of sunshine, more oily fish + vit D

Question 7

What does oily fish contain?

Answer 7

Unsaturated fat (omega 3), which reduces likelihood of blood clot developing

Question 8

What does fruit + veg contain?

Answer 8

Low on fat/calories + contains antioxidant vitamins which reduce risk of cvd.
Fibre reduces cholesterol

Question 9

What does fibre do?

Answer 9

Reduce cholesterol

Question 10

What does whole grain food do?

Answer 10

Reduces strain on heart, fill us up reducing obesity + overweight

Question 11

What does olive oil provide?

Answer 11

Monounsaturated fat- have beneficial effects on heart