CV system Flashcards
how would you describe the circulatory system
a closed circuit of blood vessels pumped round by the heart
where is the heart located
in the chest, between the lungs, behind the sternum so that 2/3 of it would be slightly to the left hand side
describe the hearts structure (6)
about the size of a small fist// hollow structure divided in 2 halves by the septum// it has 4 hollow chambers// the 2 upper are the L&R atria// the lower are the L&R vetricles.
what are the receiving chambers of the heart called
atria
what are the discharging chambers of the heart called
ventricles
where would you find the endocardium
lining of each chamber
what is another name for the cardiac muscle that each chamber wall is composed of
myocardium
what is the outer layer of the heart called
pericardium
the heart contains 2 valves, what are they called and where are they
Tricuspid = right side between the atria & ventricle bicuspid = left side between the atria & ventricle
there are also 2 further valves between the ventricular chambers and the arteries that carry blood from the heart. what are they called
pulmonary semilunar valve
aortic semilunar valve
describe what happens in the heart during each heartbeat
de-oxygenated blood from the body enters the R atrium via the superior & inferior vena cava// when stimulated the tricuspid valve allows the blood to flow into the right ventricle and the T valve closes preventing back flow// when the R ventricle contracts blood id pumped out via the pulmonary valve and the pulmonary artery back to the lungs. oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the left atrium via the pulmonary veins. it is pumped through the Bicuspid valve into the R ventricle. when the R vent contracts it pumps the blood through the aortic valve and the aorta out to the body.
when using a stethoscope what is the sound of the heart described as and which one is which part of the cycle
Lub = closure of the AV vlaves Dup = relaxing of the ventricles
what are the 5 types of blood vessels
arteries// arterioles// capillaries// venules// veins
what is the function of an artery
distribute blood from the heart
what is the function of a vein
collect blood from the capillaries and return it to the heart
