CV & Pulmonary Equations Flashcards
Cardiac Volumes:
End Diastolic Volume (EDV)==
Amt of blood in ventricles @ the END of diastole
~110 mL
End Diastolic Volume
Yaaaaaa!!!!
Cardiac Volumes:
End Systolic Volume (ESV)/End residual volume ==
Amt of blood in the ventricles @ the END of systole
~40mL
End sytolic volume/end residual volume
Cardiac Volumes:
Stroke Volume (SV)==
Amt of blood Ejected from ventricles @ Systole
~70mL**
EDV-ESV
WHOLE amt of blood ejected from vents
Cardiac Volumes:
Atrial Systole accts for ~___% of EDV
15-30%
Cardiac Output (CO)==
HR*SV
(~70mL x 70bpm==5L/min)
CO==HRxSV ***
Ejection Fraction (EF)==
% of blood ejected OVER received to the ventricles
~60-70%
SV/EDV OR (EDV-ESV)/EDV
Cardiac Pressures:
Central Venous Pressure (CVP) or Preload
0-8mm Hg Diastolic pressure
Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR) or Afterload
119/79 mmHg
Cardiac Pressures:
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) ==
(SBP+2DBP)/3
MAP also== COxTPR
Cardiac Pressures:
BP==
COxTPR
CO==HRxSV
Cardiac Pressures:
Pulse Pressure==
SBP-DBP
*not as important
Cardiac Pressures:
Myocardial O2 Consumption/Rate Pressure Product==
Total Workload of the Heart==HRxSBP
RPP= HRxSBP
Vascular:
a-v02 Difference==
Diff bw arterial partial pressure and venous partial pressure
@rest ~25%
w/ exercise ~75%
a-v02 Difference
Pulmonary:
Tidal Volume==
Amt of air that moves IN or OUT of the lungs w/ ea respiratory cycle
500mL healthy male
400mL health female
Pulmonary:
Minute Ventilation (VE)==
VTxRR
Units: L/min
Pulmonary:
Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)==
VTmax * RRmax
units: L/min
Pulmonary:
Ventilatory Index ==
VE/MVV
normal exercise ~60%
Pulmonary:
Inspiratory Capacity (IC)==
VT+Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Pulmonary:
Functional Residual Capacity (REC)==
RV + Expiratory reserve volume
Pulmonary:
Vital Capacity (VC) ==
Inspiratory reserve volume + Expiratory reserve volume + VT
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)==
Inspiratory reserve volume + Expiratory reserve volume + VT + RV
Pulmonary:
FEV1/FVC==
% of air EXHALED in first second of forced exhalation
*should be around ~75%
FEV1/FVC
Pulmonary:
Ventilation (V) and Perfusion (Q) match:
Ventilation (V)/Perfusion (Q)
**Avg=.80
Avg 4L/5L=.80
V/Q Matching
SHUNT
0-LOW V/normal Q
Ex. PNA (pneumonia)
0-low V/norm Q
V/Q Matching
PHYSIOLOGICAL **DEAD SPACE
Norm V/0-LOW Q
Ex. PE (pulmonary embolism)
norm V/0-low Q
Pulmonary:
Diffusion==
Dalton’s law for partial pressures of O2 and CO2 in alveoli/adjacent capillaries and all membranes
O2 Carrying Capacity (CaO2)==
(1.34)(HgB concentration)(SaO2)
Bring it all together:
Maximum O2 Consumption (VO2max)==
Pt @ which O2 consumption does NOT inc w/ an inc’d exercise intensity
consumed as much as they could==fitness lvl
Bring it all together:
VO2==
CO * (a-v02)
CO=HR x SV
Avg person can achieve 30-40mL/kg/min
Bring it all together:
AVG person can achieve _________VO2max
30-40mL/kg/min
Bring it all together:
MET lvls==
Lvls of exercise intensity
Metabolic Equivalents
Avg person can achieve 10 METS
Bring it all together:
One MET ==
Amt of O2 consumed while sitting @ rest
= 3.5ml O2 per kg bw/min
VO2 3.5mL/kg/min==1 MET
Body Composition Equations:
Body Mass Index (BMI)==
Body mass (kg)/Ht (M^2)
if using inches/lbs, MUST convert first: (Ht in inches x .0254)^2 and Kg
Body Composition Equations:
Waist:Hip Ratio (WHR)==
Waist circumference (above iliac crest)/Hip circumference (@ maximal gluteal circumference)
can use inches or cm since ratio/percentage–stay consistent!
Body Composition Equations:
Fat Mass ==
Body mass x %BF in decimals
Use Kg (Kg=lbs/2.2)
Ex. Fat mass = body mass x (%fat/100)
50kg x .252==12.5kg
Body Composition Equations:
Lean Body Wt (LBW) or Fat Free Body Mass (FFM)==
Body Mass (use Kg) - Fat mass
FFM=Body mass-Fat mass
=50kg - 12.5kg == 37.5kg
Body Composition Equations:
Determining “Goal BW”
Goal BW ==
Lean BW/1-%fat desired
For %fat desired: use normal values
Males=15%, Females=27%
Body Composition Equations:
Determine Fat Loss Goal
Desired Fat Loss==
Present Body Mass-Goal BW
Use when wristing Goals!
Calculating caloric deficit you need to create amt of “fat loss” desired
Convert to lbs (lbs=Kg x 2.2)
1lb fat= 3500 kcals
