Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BRS Cardiology > CV Physiology > Flashcards

CV Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac output from the ___ side of the heart is the systemic blood flow

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cardiac output from the ___ side of the heart is the pulmonary blood flow

A

right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cardiac output from the left side of the heart is the ___ blood flow

A

systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cardiac output from the right side of the heart is the ___ blood flow

A

pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Blood Flow

Lungs –> LA via …

A

pulmonary vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Blood Flow

LA –> LV via …

A

mitral valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Blood Flow

LV –> Aorta via … –> systemic arteries and tissues

A

aortic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Blood Flow

Tissues to –>

A

systemic veins and vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vena cava contains

A

mixed venous blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

RA –> RV via

A

tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

RV –> pulmonary artery via … –> lungs

A

pulmonic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fxn of arteries

A

delivery oxygen blood to tissues

under high pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Structure of arteries

A

thick wall, elastic tissue + smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

stressed volume

A

blood volume in arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

site of highest resistance in CV system

A

arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

strxr of arterioles

A

smooth muscle wall extensively innervated by autonomic nerve fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

arteriolar resistance regulated by …

A

autonomic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a1 adrenergic receptors located where

A

arterioles of skin, splanchnic, and renal circulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

b2 adrenergic receptors located where

A

arterioles of skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

largest total cross secrtional and surface area

A

capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

strxr of capillaries

A

single layer of endothelial cells surrounded by basal lamina

thin walled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

fxn of capillaries

A

exchange of nutrients, water, gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

venules

A

merged capillaries

24
Q

highest proportion of blood in CV system

A

veins

25
Q

strxr of veins

A

thin walled
low pressure
a1 adrenergic receptors

26
Q

unstressed volume

A

volume in veins

27
Q

Equation for velocity of blood flow

A

v = Q / A

v = velocity
Q = blood flow (mL/min)
A = cross sectional area (cm2)
28
Q

Equation for cardiac output

A

Q = dP/R

CO = (mean arterial pressure - right arterial pressure) / (TPR)

Q = flow or cardiac output
dP = pressure gradient 
R = resistance or TPR
29
Q

Resistance equation

A

Poiseuille’s

R = 8nL/(pi*r^4)
R = resistance
n = viscosity
30
Q

Parallel resistance

A

Parallel resistance = based on SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
each artery receives fraction of total blood flow
total resistance < resistance of each artery

1/(Rtotal) = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

31
Q

When an artery is added in parallel, …

A

the total resistance decreases

32
Q

In each paralell artery, the pressure is ___

A

the same

33
Q

Series resistance

A

Series resistance = based on VESSELS IN AN ORGAN
Rtotal = R1 + R2 + R3

largest proportion of resistance is contributed by arterioles
each vessel receives same amount of blood flow

34
Q

As blood flows through the series of blood vessels, the pressure ____

A

decreases

35
Q

Laminar flow vs. turbulent flow

A

Streamlined vs. not

36
Q

Reynold’s number

A

predicts whether blood flow will be laminar or tubulent

incr reynold #, incr tendency for tubulence (bruit)

37
Q

Relationship between reynold # and blood viscosity, blood velocity

A

decr blood viscosity (anemia) or incr blood velocity (narrow vessel), incr reynold number

38
Q

Shear

A

layers of blood travel at diff velocities in a vessel

v = 0 at wall (highest shear b/c diff in blood velocity is greatest)
v= max at center  (lowest shear b/c blood velocity is constant)
39
Q

Capacitance

A

distensibility of blood vessel

40
Q

Relationhsip between compliance and elastance

A

incr compacitance, decr elastance (stiffness)

41
Q

Equation for capacitance

A

C = V/P

C = capacitance/compliance (mL/mm Hg)
V = volume (mL)
P = pressure (mm Hg)
42
Q

Capacitance is greater for ____ compared to ____

A

veins vs. arteries

so more blood volume in veins (unstressed)

43
Q

Capacitance of arteries decreases with ____

A

age; arteries become stiffer with age

44
Q

As blood flows through systemic circulation, pressure ____

A

decreases because of resistance to blood flow

pressure highest in aorta and lowest in vena cava

45
Q

largest decrease in pressures occurs across ____ because

A

arterioles because they are the site of highest resistance

46
Q

Arterial pressure

A

Pulsatile, not constant

47
Q

Highest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle is ____ pressure

A

systolic

= measured after heart contracts and blood ejected into arterial system

48
Q

Lowest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle is ____ pressure

A

Diastolic

= measured when heart is relaxed and blood is returned to the heart via veins

49
Q

Pulse pressure is the difference between____

A

systolic and diastolic pressures

50
Q

STroke volume

A

As blood is ejected from LV into arterial system, arterial pressure increases because arteries have low capacitance

Diastolic pressure unchanged during this ventricular systole so Pulse pressure proportional to systolic pressure

51
Q

Decreases in capacitance cause increases in ___

A

pulse pressure

52
Q

Mean arterial pressure

A

Avg arterial pressure over time

= Diastolic pressure + 1/3(pulse pressure)

because more time spent in diastole

53
Q

Venous pressure is ___

A

low

veins have high capacitance so can hold large volume of blood @ low pressure

54
Q

Atrial pressure is ____ than venous pressure

A

slightly lower

55
Q

Pulmonary wedge pressure

A

measures left atrial pressure by measuring the pulmonary capillary pressure

BRS Cardiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions