CV

Question 1

Atherosclerosis

Answer 1

Simvastatin

PCI and CABG

Question 2

AF

Answer 2

1. Propranolol (not if asthmatic)

Diliazem (calcium-channel blocker)

Digoxin

Cardioversion Ablation Techiniques:

1. Amiodarone or Flecainide (class IC anti-arrythmics)
2. Procainamide
3. Dofetilide (Class III)

Question 3

Atrial Flutter

Answer 3

Beta-blocker (do not give is asthma): Atenolol / propranolol
Calcium-channel blocker (do not give in HF): Dilitiazem or Verapamil

Give Digoxin as last line treatment

Cardioversion Ablation Techiniques:
1. Flecainide (class IC anti-arrythmics) or Amiodarone (IV)

Question 4

Endocarditis

Answer 4

1. Non-staph bacteria: Benzylpeneckllin + Gentamicin
   Staph: Vancomycin

Mitral valve replacement

Question 5

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Answer 5

1. Beta-blockers

2. Disopyramide to reduce LVOT

Question 6

Pericarditis

Answer 6

600mg Ibuprofen or 750mg-1000 Aspirin

Colchicine 0.5mg

Question 7

Angina

Answer 7

Secondary Prevention: Aspirin or ACEI

Treating disease:

1st: Beta-blocker or calcium channel blocker
2nd: GTN or Nicorandil or Ivabridine

Aspirin + Clopidogrel

Question 8

MI

Answer 8

MI:
STEMI:
300mg Aspirin 
180mg Ticagrelor
5-10mg Morphine + Metoclopramide (10,g)

PCI or Fibrinolysis

Non-STEMI:
Low-flow O2
Morphine + Metoclopramide
GTN spray 
300mg Aspirin 

2.5mg Fonaparinux
Ticagrelor
IV Nitrate (GTN)
ORAL Bisoprolol

Question 9

DVT

Answer 9

Haemodynamically unstable: Thrombolytic therapy - IV Alteplase

Haemodynamically Stable: Dalteparin (Low MWH) or normal Heparin for 5 days
Warfarin (INR 2-3) for 6 months or DOAC (Rivaroxaban or Apixaban)

Third line = IVC filter

Question 10

Arterial Thrombosis

Answer 10

75-300mg Aspirin

Streptokinase (plasminogen activator) + tissue plasminogen activator

Question 11

Aortic stenosis

Answer 11

Surgical: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Question 12

Mitral Regurgitation

Answer 12

1. ACEI or hydrazine
2. Beta-blockers, CCB or Digoxin
3. Warfarin
4. Diuretics