CV

Question 1

Thiazide Diuretic used to treat hypertension. works at the distal convoluted tubule to prevent Na reabsorption.

Answer 1

Bendroflumethiazide

Question 2

Potassium sparing diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and HF. Synthetic anti-mineralocorticoid (aldosterone antagonist)

Answer 2

Spironolactone

Question 3

ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure and kidney damage due to diabetes (efferent arteriole dilator)

Answer 3

Ramipril

Question 4

ANG II receptor antagonist (ARB) with a high affinity for type I angiotensin receptor. used to treat high blood pressure, HF, and reduce death for people with left ventricular dysfunction after MI.

Answer 4

Valsartan

Question 5

Calcium Channel Blocker used to lower blood pressure and prevent chest pain. in angina it increases blood flow to the heart.

Answer 5

Amlodipine

Question 6

Selective B1 adrenergic receptor blocker used in high blood pressure, and for primary treatment post MI.

Answer 6

Bisoprolol

Question 7

Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat high blood pressure and urinary retention associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Answer 7

Doxazoin

Question 8

foxglove derived cardiac glycoside (inhibit NA-K pump) used to treat AF and atrial flutter. Increase force of contraction of the heart and regulate heart beat.

Answer 8

Digoxin

Question 9

Sublingual vasodilator, acts on the veins to reduce preload. at higher doses dilates arteries therefore reducing after load too.

Answer 9

Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN)

Question 10

vasodialator used to treat angina. Duel properties of nitrate and K+ ATP channel agonist (reploarisation)

Answer 10

nicorandil

Question 11

lipid lowering medication.

Answer 11

simvastatin

Question 12

thienopyridine-class antiplatelet agent

Answer 12

Clopidogrel

Question 13

Salicylate used as analgesic but also has an antiplatelet effect by inhibiting thromboxane (platelet aggregator)

Answer 13

Asprin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

Question 14

Loop diuretic (acts on the ascending loop of henle) preventing Na reabsorption. Used in the treatment of HF and oedema.

Answer 14

Furosemide

Question 15

Anticoagulent used to treat DVT, PE or heart attacks and strokes. Binds antithrombin to accelerate its inhibition of factor Xa.

Answer 15

Low Molecular Weight Heparin

Question 16

Anticoagulant used in the prevention of a thrombus/thromboembolism. inhibits vitamin K coagulation protein production - namely factor II (prothrombin) and factor VII

Answer 16

Warfarin

Question 17

Catecholamine produced in the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. B1 receptor agonist produces vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output.

Answer 17

Epinephrine/Adrenaline.

Question 18

protein involved with the breakdown of blood clots by caatylysing the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. used to treat embolic or thrombotic stroke.

Answer 18

Alteplase/ Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)

Question 19

extract of deadly nightshade. competitive agonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system. Dilates pupils, increases HR, reduces salivation and other secretions.

Answer 19

Atropine

Question 20

Shows a beta blocker-like and potassium channel blocker- like action on the SA and VA nodes. This increases the refractory period, slows cardiac conduction and cardiac action potential.

Answer 20

Amiodarone