CV

Question 1

Mitral stenosis is usually do to:

Answer 1

Rheumatic Fever

Question 2

Aortic Stenosis is associated with which of the following:

Answer 2

Maintained SV because of C.H.

Question 3

Mitral stenosis will usually result in:

Answer 3

Embolic events and afib

Question 4

AS can be caused by all of the following:

Answer 4

Bicuspid valve, IE, AV sclerosis, Rheumatic valvular disease

Question 5

AI causes:

Answer 5

Volume overload of LV

Question 6

MR is associated with:

Answer 6

Reduction in forward SV

Question 7

MR management includes the following:

Answer 7

Maintain or slightly increase preload

Question 8

Acute AR presents with sudden onset of:

Answer 8

Pulmonary edema & Hypotension

Question 9

MR has a regurgitation volume that is based on:

Answer 9

HR, MV size, LA/LV pressure gradient

Question 10

How should afterload be managed in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patient:

Answer 10

Increased

Question 11

Which law explains why an AA is more likely to rupture during HTN:

Answer 11

Laplace

Question 12

Most reliable assessment of cerebral function during a carotid endarterectomy:

Answer 12

An awake patient

Question 13

A-line should be placed in the L radial artery for a thoracic aneurysm repair:

Answer 13

False

Question 14

During Carotid cross clamping, MAP should be kept where in regards to perioperative value:

Answer 14

20% or greater

Question 15

During a carotid endarterectomy, what factor play the major role in determining cerebral perfusion pressure:

Answer 15

MAP

Question 16

Which of the following increases after placement of an infra-renal aortic cross clamp:

Answer 16

Arterial BP above clamp

Question 17

Complications attributed to Ketamine for coronary artery surgery:

Answer 17

Tachycardia, HTN, inc plasma Epinephrine levels

Question 18

Ketamine Receptor:

Answer 18

NMDA

Question 19

Propofol receptor:

Answer 19

GABA-A

Question 20

Dexmedetomidine receptor:

Answer 20

Alpha-2

Question 21

Fentanyl receptor:

Answer 21

MU

Question 22

Induction dose of etomidate:

Answer 22

0.2-0.3mg/kg

Question 23

Which of the following drugs acts indirectly on receptors to release catecholamines in the body:

Answer 23

Ephedrine

Question 24

Administering an induction dose of this agent is likely to produce a rise in PaCO2:

Answer 24

Ketamine

Question 25

Right IJ CVC insertion depth:

Answer 25

15cm

Question 26

Causes of overestimated CO during thermodilution method:

Answer 26

Warm solution, thrombus on PA catheter, wedged PA catheter

Question 27

Best TEE view to monitor myocardial ischemia:

Answer 27

Transgastric midpapillary short axis view

Question 28

Event to cause decrease in mixed venous O2 sat, SvO2:

Answer 28

Acute blood loss

Question 29

Functions of pre-op beta blockers:

Answer 29

Redistribute coronary blood flow to subendocardium, reduce perioperative ischemia, stabilizes plaques, restores O2 supply/demand mismatch

Question 30

CO

Answer 30

HR x SV

Question 31

CI

Answer 31

CO / BSA

Question 32

SV

Answer 32

EDV - ESV

Question 33

SV

Answer 33

CO x 1000 / HR

Question 34

SV Index

Answer 34

SV / BSA

Question 35

EF

Answer 35

[ (EDV - ESV) / EDV ] x 100

Question 36

MAP

Answer 36

(1/3 SBP) + (2/3 DBP)

Question 37

SVR

Answer 37

(MAP-CVP / CO) x 80

Question 38

PVR

Answer 38

(MPAP-PAOP / CO) x 80