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Microbiology - Foundation Module > Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mycoses > Flashcards

Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mycoses Flashcards

1
Q

_________ is defined as group of diseases caused by fungus, such as ringworm or thrush.

A

Mycoses

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2
Q

Medical mycoses can be divided into four categories.

A

Cutaneous
Subcutaneous
Systemic
Opportunistic

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3
Q

Anatomic location of cutaneous mycoses is ______________

A

Dead layer of skin, hair, and nails

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4
Q

Anatomic location of subcutaneous mycoses is _____________

A

Subcutis

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5
Q

Anatomic location of systemic mycoses is ____________

A

Internal organs

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6
Q

Anatomic location of opportunistic mycoses is ___________

A

Internal organs

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7
Q

Tinea versicolor caused by Malassezia is an example of __________________

A

Cutaneous mycoses

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8
Q

Dermatophytosis (ringworm) is an example of cutaneous mycoses caused by __________ (Microsporum/Sporothrix)

A

Microsporum

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9
Q

Dermatophytosis is caused by _____________ (Coccidioides/Trichophyton)

A

Trichophyton

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10
Q

Dermatophytosis is caused by _____________ (Epidermophyton/Candida)

A

Epidermophyton

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11
Q

Seriousness of illness in Tinea versicolor is _____

A

+1

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12
Q

Seriousness of illness in dermatophytosis is _____

A

+2

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13
Q

Sporotrichosis caused by ___________ is an example of subcutaneous mycoses.

A

Sporothrix

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14
Q

Mycetoma is an example of ___________ mycoses

A

Subcutaneous

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15
Q

Seriousness of illness in sporotrichosis is _____

A

+2

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16
Q

Seriousness of illness in mycetoma is ______

A

+2

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17
Q

Coccidioidomycosis caused by Coccidioides is an example of ____________ mycoses

A

systemic

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18
Q

Cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus is an example of _________ mycoses

A

opportunistic

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19
Q

Blastomycosis caused by blastomyces is an example of _____________ mycoses

A

systemic

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20
Q

Mucormycosis caused by Mucor or Rhizopus is an example of ________ mycoses

A

Opportunistic

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21
Q

Histoplasmosis caused by Histoplasma is an example of ____________ mycoses

A

systemic

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22
Q

Candidiasis caused by Candida is an example of _________ mycoses

A

opportunistic

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23
Q

Aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus is an example of ________ mycoses

A

opportunistic

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24
Q

Paracoccidioidomycosis caused by Paracoccidioides is an example of ___________ mycoses

A

Systemic

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25
Seriousness of illness in all opportunistic mycoses except candidiasis is _______
+4
26
Seriousness of illness in candidiasis is ____
+2-+4
27
________________ are chronic infections often located in the warm, humid areas of the body (e.g., athlete’s foot and jock itch).
Dermatophytosis (ringworm)
28
Typical ________ lesions have an inflamed circular border containing papules and vesicles surrounding a clear area of relatively normal skin.
ringworm
29
The lesions in ringworm are typically _________.
pruritic
30
Broken hairs and damaged nails are often seen in ____________
Dermatophytosis
31
_____________ are fungi that require keratin | for growth.
Dermatophytes
32
______________ can cause superficial infections | of the skin, hair, and nails.
Dermatophytes
33
Dermatophytes are spread by _________ (direct/indirect) contact from other people, animals, and soil, as well as indirectly from fomites.
Direct
34
Trichophyton tonsurans is the most common cause of outbreaks of ___________ in children
Tinea capitis
35
______________ is the main cause of endothrix (inside the hair) infections.
Trichophyton tonsurans
36
Trichophyton rubrum is also a very common cause of ___________.
Tinea capitis
37
________ is a form of tinea capitis in which crusts are seen on the scalp.
Favus
38
Favus is caused by ____________
Trichophyton schoenleinii
39
Trichophyton species also cause an inflammatory pustular lesion on the scalp called a __________.
kerion
40
The marked inflammation in tinea capitis is caused by an intense _____________ (humoral/T cell mediated) reaction to the presence of the fungus.
T cell mediated
41
In response to circulating fungal antigens in some infected persons, hypersensitivity causes dermatophytid reactions which is characterized by __________________
vesicles on fingers
42
Patients with Tinea infections show __________ (positive/negative) skin tests with fungal extracts (e.g., trichophytin).
positive
43
Tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor), a superficial skin infection of cosmetic importance only, is caused by __________ species.
Malassezia
44
Tinea versicolor infection is usually ____________ (asymptomatic/symptomatic)
asymptomatic
45
_________ represents as hypopigmented areas, slight scaling or itching may occur.
Tinea versicolor
46
___________ occurs more frequently in hot, humid weather.
Tinea versicolor
47
The lesions in ____________ contain both budding yeast cells and hyphae.
Tinea versicolor
48
Topical Tx of tinea versicolor is _______________
Miconazole
49
Oral antifungal drugs, such as _____________, can be used to treat tinea versicolor.
Itraconazole | Fluconazole
50
___________ is an infection of the keratinized | layers of the skin.
Tinea nigra
51
___________ appears as a brownish spot caused by the melanin-like pigment in the hyphae.
Tinea nigra
52
Tinea nigra caused by ____________, is found in the soil and transmitted during injury.
Cladosporium werneckii
53
Tx of tinea nigra is topical ________ agent
keratolytic
54
An example of keratolytic agent is _____________
Salicylic acid
55
__________ mycoses are caused by fungi that grow in soil and on vegetation and are introduced into subcutaneous tissue through trauma.
Subcutaneous
56
The forms in tissue seen by microscopy of dermatophytes is _________ (hyphae/yeast)
hyphae
57
The forms in tissue seen by microscopy of Malassezia is ____________
hyphae and yeasts
58
The forms in tissue seen by microscopy of Sporothrix is ____________
hyphae and yeasts
59
Mode of transmission of microsporum is ______________
Animal to human and human to human
60
Mode of transmission of dermatophytes other than microsporum is ____________
human to human
61
Mode of transmission of Malassezia is _____________
human to human
62
Mode of transmission of Sporothrix is ______________
Penetrating lesions in garden implants fungal spores (eg rose thorns)
63
There is a healing center in ________ lesions.
Ringworm lesions
64
Tinea versicolor is often _________ (nonpruritic/pruritic)
nonpruritic
65
___________causes a local pustule or ulcer with nodules along the draining lymphatics
Sporothrix schenckii
66
Sporothrix schenckii is a __________ fungi
Dimorphic | Molds on plant and yeast in human tissue
67
The lesions in __________ are typically painless, and there is little systemic illness.
Sporotrichosis
68
Disseminated sporotrichosis can occur in _______-infected patients with low CD4 counts.
HIV
69
Sporotrichosis occurs most often in ___________, especially those who prune roses
gardeners
70
The drug of choice for skin lesions in sporotrichosis is ____________
Itraconazole (Sporanox)
71
______________ is a slowly progressive granulomatous infection.
Chromomycosis
72
The lesions in ___________ are found on bare feet and legs.
Chromomycosis
73
In chromomycosis, _____ like lesions (dark in color) with crusting abscesses extend along the lymphatics.
wart

Microbiology - Foundation Module (4 decks)

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