Custodial sentencing

Question 1

The processes

Answer 1

Deterrence, Incapacitation, Retribution, Rehabilitation

Question 2

Deterrence

Answer 2

Threat of unpleasant experiences prevents behaviour, individual and general
Suggests it needs to be prompt, probable, aversive

Question 3

Incapacitation

Answer 3

Offender is out of action preventing further reoffending, protects society from becoming victims

Question 4

Retribution

Answer 4

Revenge for the crime by punishing the offender to reach justice. Level of punishment should be proportionate to seriousness of the crime.

Question 5

Rehabilitation

Answer 5

The experience of punishment leads to the offender becoming a changed person preventing reoffending.

Question 6

Recidivism

Answer 6

Reoffending after release from custodial sentencing 45% of UK offenders re-offend in the first year. maybe due to a lack of rehabilitation.

Question 7

Psychological effects

Answer 7

Stress and depression
suicide rates are 15x outside world
25% of women and 15% of men report psychosis (unclear cause and effect)
They may get used to the institution so struggle to adapt (institutionalisation)
Prisonisation- adopt an inmates code e.g aggression may be favored.

Question 8

limitations

Answer 8

Prisons become schools of crime
Negative psychological effects

Question 9

Positives

Answer 9

Provides opportunity for training
Prisoners may be able to live a normal life when they leave. rehabillitation may be benefitial.