Current strategies for controlling the spread of infectious diseases are generally effective but will have to change in the future as a consequence of environmental change

Question 1

What are infectious diseases?

Answer 1

communicable diseases

Question 2

Examples of infectious diseases?

Answer 2

malaria/HIV/AIDS

Question 3

What does the WHO do?

Answer 3

directs and coordinates international health activities and supplies technical assistance to countries/promotes research

Question 4

How much money did WHO provide during 1994-45?

Answer 4

$1,872 million

Question 5

How much money from WHO went to disease prevention?

Answer 5

$628 million

Question 6

How much money from WHO went to AIDS?

Answer 6

$181 million

Question 7

How much money from WHO went to malaria?

Answer 7

$118 million

Question 8

What does the world bank do?

Answer 8

loans money to poor countries

Question 9

Percentage of loans to countries 1980’s to last 2 years?

Answer 9

5% to 15%, set to increase to 50% in future

Question 10

How much money did the world bank loan in 1995?

Answer 10

$1,200 million

Question 11

What could climate change be altering?

Answer 11

the distribution of some diseases, causing them to spread largely in warmer regions, like the zika virus

Question 12

What is malaria?

Answer 12

a tropical vector-borne disease transmitted by insects

Question 13

How many people according to WHO live in areas at risk of malaria?

Answer 13

3.4 billion people

Question 14

What conditions is malaria favourable in?

Answer 14

temperatures between 16 and 32 degrees, and after heavy periods of rainfall

Question 15

How is malaria prevented through income?

Answer 15

those with higher incomes tend to spend more on repellents/nets (provided by NGO’s like Oxfam/comic relief etc)

Question 16

How is malaria prevented through education?

Answer 16

use prevention strategies

Question 17

How much can bed nets reduce malaria transmissions by?

Answer 17

90%

Question 18

Adopting the Millennium Development Goals in 2000 has decreased rates of malaria by how much?

Answer 18

42%

Question 19

What does the WHO set to do by 2030?

Answer 19

eliminate malaria in at least 35 new countries

Question 20

What country has the highest rates of aids/HIV?

Answer 20

Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 21

How is HIV/AIDS controlled?

Answer 21

use of condoms - largely for HIC’s which is why the rates have decreased
better training for doctors etc

Question 22

What type of drugs are used to control AIDS/HIV?

Answer 22

antiretroviral drugs - increases lifespan and reduces effects

Question 23

What did Uganda do for aids/hiv?

Answer 23

public educated through funds from governments and 85% now use condoms

Question 24

How are aids/hiv less controllable than malaria?

Answer 24

malaria is easier with financial support - basics of a net

Question 25

How are controls for malaria not so successful?

Answer 25

some mosquito’s are now become adapted to repellents/resistant

Question 26

What will environmental changes do to malaria instances?

Answer 26

increase them as mosquito’s are better in warmer conditions - moist - warming environment - harder to control and mitigate

Question 27

How will densely populated areas affect malaria?

Answer 27

more urbanisation - closer areas for malaria to spread