Current Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is current electricity

A

Current electricity is the result of electrical charge on the move.

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2
Q

What are free electrons

A

Free electrons are negative electrons that carry charge

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3
Q

What is a closed circuit

A

A closed circuit is a circuit that has a continuous pathway between the terminals of the power supply

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4
Q

What is current caused by

A

Negative electron flow from the negative to the positive terminal of the power supply

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5
Q

What materials are usually conductors

A

Metals

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6
Q

Give the free electron explanation of conductors and insulators

A

Metals have a regular lattice structure of ions and a cloud of delocalised electrons
free electrons will drift in the direction of a positive terminal
Non metals lack free electrons and are locked in the bonding process and can’t conduct

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7
Q

What is the current in a series circuit

A

Always the same
Charge is not lost but energy is converted
The current leaving the supply is equal to the current returning

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8
Q

What is the current in a parallel circuit

A

The current will divide at junctions and recombines but is always conserved

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9
Q

What is the difference between electron flow and conventional current flow

A

Conventional goes for positive to negative while electron flow is in the opposite direction

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10
Q

What is electric charge measured in

A

Coulombs

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11
Q

Give the definition of current

A

The rate of flow of charge

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12
Q

Define what one coulomb is

A

The charge passing any point in a circuit when a steady current of one ampere flows for one second

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13
Q

What is the formula for charge

A

Charge = current divided by time

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14
Q

How many mA in one amp

A

1000

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15
Q

How many volts in one KV

A

1000v

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16
Q

What is potential difference

A

Commonly known as as voltage

17
Q

What is the formula for potential difference

A

Voltage = energy divided by charge

18
Q

What does ohms law state

A

The current through a wire is directly proportional to the voltage across it as long as the temperature remains constant

19
Q

What is the formula for ohms law

A

Voltage= current x resistance

20
Q

What is the free electron explanation for resistance

A

The opposition to electron flow is caused by collision with the atomic lattice and other electrons
Higher the collisions the higher the resistance
Each collision transfers energy to the atom causing it to vibrate producing heat

21
Q

How does the length and area of a wire effect the resistance

A

Short thick wires have low resistance
Long thin wires have high resistance

22
Q

How does the length and area of a wire effect the resistance

A

Short thick wires have low resistance
Long thin wires have high resistance

23
Q

How does the length and area of a wire effect the resistance

A

Short thick wires have low resistance
Long thin wires have high resistance