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World Cultures > Culture Unit Test > Flashcards

Culture Unit Test Flashcards

1
Q

Culture

A

way of life in a society

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2
Q

What is the most unifying aspect of culture?

A

language

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3
Q

Lingua franca

A

trade language

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4
Q

Why does race not have to do with culture?

A

It is a biological concept

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5
Q

Cultural region

A

People of different cultural groups that have adapted to surroundings in similar way

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6
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Belief that your culture is best

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7
Q

Assimilation (melting pot)

A

Cultures indistinguishable from one another

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8
Q

Cultural pluralism (salad bowl)

A

immigrants retain “uniqueness” by keeping traditions of old society

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9
Q

Cultural diffusion

A

Features of one culture that are carried to another

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10
Q

Ultranationalism

A

Extreme devotion to interests of a nation, regardless of effects on other nations

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11
Q

Achieved status

A

Position earned by effort

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12
Q

Ascribed status

A

Position gained by birth

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13
Q

Status symbols

A

Objects/titles that denote position in group

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14
Q

Cultural universal

A

Cultural trait shared by all societies (certain facial expressions)

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15
Q

First world nations

A

Fully industrialized/developed

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16
Q

Third world nations

A

Developing nations

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17
Q

3 types of religions

A
  • Animism (nature)
  • Monotheism (single god)
  • Polytheism (many)
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18
Q

Animism

A

Belief in gods of nature

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19
Q

Monotheism

A

Belief in one god (Christianity, Judaism)

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20
Q

Polytheism

A

Belief in many gods (Hinduism)

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21
Q

HDI Index

A

UN-created rankings based on which country has best quality of life (income, expectancy, literacy, etc.)

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22
Q

What is the world population?

A

7.3-7.5 billion

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23
Q

What is the US population?

A

350 million

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24
Q

RNI

A

Depicts annual growth rate for country as percentage increase (discludes immigration)

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25
Q

Life expectancy factors include…

A

Sanitation, nutritional services, accidents/homicide rates, biological factors

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26
Q

Demographic transition

A

(graph) more industrialization = less death = less births eventually

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27
Q

What are the 3 population periods plus examples

A
  • Pyramid (Mexico) (stage 2/3)
  • Column (USA) post-industrialization
  • Inverted pyramid (Japan) basic costs higher than US
28
Q

Total fertility rate

A

Measures fertility of average group of women moving through childbearing years

29
Q

Problems with migration

A

Ethnic tension, job competition, ghettos/housing, crime, language/religion

30
Q

What are push and pull forces?

A

Immigration forces that incentivize people to come (pull) and leave (push) a nation

31
Q

What are centrifugal forces?

A

Cultural forces that weaken nation

32
Q

What are centripetal forces?

A

Cultural forces that strengthen nation

33
Q

Examples of centrifugal/centripetal forces?

A
  • War, poor economy, civil war, ethnic separation

- Nationalism, common history, military security

34
Q

European nations that have broken apart due to centrifugal forces

A

Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, USSR

35
Q

Vanishing cultures examples

A

Tuareg, Legong dancers, Kazak eagle hunters, Huli wigman

36
Q

G8

A

USA, UK, Russia*, France, Canada, Germany, Japan, Italy

37
Q

Permanent members of UN Security Council?

A

USA, UK, France, Russia, China

38
Q

BRICS

A

Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa

39
Q

MINT

A

Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey

40
Q

G20

A

G8 + MINT + BRICS + EU + Argentina/Saudi Arabia

41
Q

NAFTA

A

USA/Canada/Mexico

42
Q

DR-CAFTA

A

Dominican Republic - Central America FTA

43
Q

ASEAN

A

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

44
Q

TPP

A

Asian and North American nations resting on Pacific Ocean trade deal

45
Q

How many members are there on United Nations?

A

193

46
Q

Who is the Secretary General of the UN?

A

Antonio Guterres

47
Q

Security council has how many members?

A

15 (5 permanent) (proportional to world)

48
Q

Warsaw Pact

A
  • Counteract NATO

- Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, Romania, etc.

49
Q

Shanghai Cooperation Organization

A

Military/economic/cultural pact between 8 members

50
Q

Arab League

A

Cultural organization that speaks Arabic and practices Islam

51
Q

OAS

A

Organization of American States

52
Q

AU

A

African Union

53
Q

Globalization

A

Increasing interconnectedness of people/places through converging economic/political/social processes

54
Q

3 characteristics of globalization

A

global communication networks, global transportation, international financial institutions

55
Q

Examples of globalization backlash?

A

Trump, Brexit

56
Q

What are the 3 globalization rounds?

A

Country (1.0)
Company (2.0)
Individual (3.0)

57
Q

Globalization round 1.0

A

1492 (Columbus) - 1800

Populations boom through trade

58
Q

Globalization round 2.0

A

1800 - 2000
Rise of multinational corporations
Fall of transportation costs first half
Technology and WWW second half

59
Q

First multinational corporation (and in what round of globalization?)

A

Dutch East India Company

2.0 (Company)

60
Q

Globalization round 3.0

A

2000 -
Shrinking world, flattening world
End of Cold War, outsourcing, supply chaining, information finding, Internet

61
Q

Top 5 most widely spoken languages

A
  1. Mandarin
  2. English
  3. Hindi
  4. Spanish
  5. Russian
62
Q

Top 5 religions

A
  1. Christianity
  2. Islam
  3. Hinduism
  4. Buddhism
  5. Sikhism
63
Q

Top 5 largest nations in land size

A
  1. Russia
  2. Canada
  3. USA
  4. China
  5. Brazil
64
Q

Top 5 largest nations in population size

A
  1. China
  2. India
  3. USA
  4. Indonesia
  5. Brazil
65
Q

Top 5 wealthiest nations per capita

A
  1. Qatar
  2. Luxembourg
  3. Singapore
  4. Kuwait
  5. Brunei

World Cultures (1 decks)

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