Culture Unit Test Flashcards
The body of customary beliefs, social forms and material traits that constitute a group’s distinct traditions would best describe a specific population’s
culture
The trend of globalization has threatened
folk culture more than popular culture
In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is more likely to vary
from time to time at a given place
Jeans provide a good example of material culture that is adopted by many different societies. They are also an example of
popular culture.
In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of large and
heterogeneous groups
Which of the following characteristics is more typical of popular culture than folk culture?
It results in a more uniform cultural landscape
Typically, popular culture
experiences frequent changes through time and space
Folk culture is spread primarily by
relocation diffusion
The diffusion of popular culture is linked to the diffusion of electronic media
because it speeds the access times that allows people to share popular culture ideas
A taboo against pork is a characteristic of
Judaism and Islam
China produces a relatively large amount of pork compared to the countries of Southwestern Asia primarily because
Muslims have a taboo against pork consumption
The global diffusion of popular culture may threaten folk culture by
being less responsive to the diversity and health of local environments.
Some features of U.S. popular culture such as gas stations, fast-food franchises, and motels
promote a uniform landscape
A good example of cultural homogenization would be
the dominance on the landscape of fast-food restaurants and retail stores promoting consumerism.
Diffusion of popular customs can adversely impact environmental quality in two ways by
depletion of scarce resources and pollution
The contemporary distribution of languages around the globe is largely a result of
migration
The main difference between languages in the same family, branch, or group is how
recently in time the languages were once the same
A collection of languages that share a common origin in the recent past but have since evolved into individual languages is a
language group
Which two language families together are spoken by over 66% of the world’s population?
Sino-Tibetan and Indo-European
Which language is NOT a Romance language?
Greek
The Russian language is part of the
Balto-Slavic branch
The most-used language in the world today is
Mandarin
The large number of individual languages documented in Africa has resulted primarily from
thousands of years of isolation between cultural groups
Which of the following is NOT TRUE regarding the Swahili language?
like most African languages, it has no literary tradition
English is part of which language branch?
English is part of which language branch?
English is part of which language family?
Indo-European
Romance branch languages have achieved worldwide importance because
colonial and imperial activity distributed these languages to far reaching territories
According to Colin Renfrew’s research, Indo-European languages diffused across Europe
with the diffusion of agriculture
Colin Renfrew’s research is most closely associated with the
Sedentary Farmer Theory
The Kurgans, identified as the first Proto-Indo-European speakers by archaeologist Marija Gimbutas
were herders from the steppes of today’s Russia and Kazakhstan
The Nomadic Warrior Theory and the Sedentary Farmer Theory have been developed to explain the common ancestry of
the non-Romance branches of Indo-European languages
Both the Angles and the Normans contributed to the development of the English language, because they
invaded England
English is the most important language in North America primarily because of
a legacy of colonization by the English
A lingua franca is
a language understood by people who have different native languages
The dominance of English as an international language has facilitated
diffusion of popular culture, science, and international trade
Which statement is NOT TRUE when it comes to dominance of the English language on the Internet?
The percentage of websites written in English continues to increase.
Official languages of the United Nations include all but which of the following?
Portuguese
A pidgin language
has no native speakers
A regional variation of a language including a distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation of words is called a(n)
dialect
When people who speak a given language migrate to a different location and become isolated from other members of their group
isolation usually results in the differentiation of one language into dialects, followed eventually by two distinct languages
A creolized language is
a mix of indigenous and colonial languages
The Flemings and Walloons live in
Belgium
Bilingual signs in Brussels, Belgium contain which two languages?
French and Flemish
Which statement does NOT accurately describe multilingual places?
Centrifugal forces that pull a society apart are a distinctive characteristic of all multilingual countries
Basque is a good example of a
vibrant and isolated language
The Icelandic language has changed less than any other Germanic language because of
Iceland’s relative isolation from other places
Which process is most likely to result in the extinction of a language?
Only older people know it fluently, young people no longer learn it, and the last speaker dies of old age.
A language that was nearly extinct in British-controlled areas but is now being revived is
Celtic
Hebrew is an example of
a revived language
The universalizing religion with the most adherents worldwide is
Christianity
Which of the following would NOT bet included among the world’s four largest religions in terms of the number of adherents?
Judaism
Which of the following is an ethnic religion?
Judaism
Which of the following is considered a branch of Christianity?
Eastern Orthodox
Which term describes a religion that combines beliefs from several religious traditions?
syncretic
Founded in the nineteenth century, this universalizing religion advocates the abolition of racial, class, and religious prejudice.
Baha’i
Introduced first within Judaism, the belief in the existence of only one god is called
monotheism
The Protestant branch of Christianity is believed to have originated with
the principles of Reformation and the theses of Martin Luther
Although the Ganges is the most holy river for Hindus, the religion may have its roots in which river valley?
Indus
Christianity first diffused from its hearth in Judea through
relocation diffusion
Which religious affiliation has the highest percentage of international migrants?
Jewish
Roman Catholics are clustered in the U.S. southwest primarily because of migration of
Roman Catholics from Mexico and Latin America.
For most of the past 2,000 years, most Jews have been
dispersed around the world
Which of the following would NOT be associated with a Christian place of worship?
the Golden Temple topped by a flag
Able-bodied Muslims are expected to make the Hajj to Mecca where they can see
where Muhammad was born and the al-Ka’ba
Which is NOT a characteristic of a hierarchical religion?
encouragement for each congregation to be self-sufficient
