Culture, Identity and Socialisation

Question 1

Norms

Answer 1

Social rules which define the correct and acceptable behaviour
e.g saying please and thank you

Question 2

Values

Answer 2

Beliefs about what is right and wrong and which standards are worth maintaining in any social group
e.g believing that murder is wrong

Question 3

Culture

Answer 3

Described as beliefs, customs or ways of life
e.g in some cultures it’s permitted to have several spouses at the same time (polygamy) whereas in others only one is allowed (monogamy)

Question 4

Customs

Answer 4

Traditions and regular norms of behaviour associated with social specific social situations, events and anniversaries.
e.g Catholics giving up meat on Fridays during Lent.

Question 5

Socialisation

Answer 5

The process when individuals learn the norms, values and the culture of their society
e.g learning the language from where you are from

Question 6

Types of culture

Answer 6

High culture, folk culture, low culture, mass/pop culture

Question 7

Features of culture

Answer 7

Language, behaviour and beliefs

Question 8

Linton (1945)

Answer 8

Culture as ‘the way of life’ of its members: the collection of ideas and habits which they learn share and transmit from generations to generations

Question 9

Williams (1983)

Answer 9

Culture as being ‘a way of life’ which includes values, norms, interest and ideas of life

Question 10

Woodward (2000)

Answer 10

Culture of society is based on ‘shared meanings, values and practices’

Question 11

Marshall (1998)

Answer 11

Culture is ‘everything in human society’ which is socially transmitted rather than biologically transmitted

Question 12

Linton (AO3)

Answer 12

Fails to explain change and habits change not culture

Question 13

Williams (AO3)

Answer 13

Fails to explain individualism

Question 14

Woodward (2000)

Answer 14

Fails to explain that values can differ