culture bias

Question 1

what is culture bias

Answer 1

• a distortion or imbalance of views concerning culture based on pre-existing ideas

Question 2

what is ethnocentrism

Answer 2

• traditionally psychological research has been dominated by america and europe
• western behaviour is taken as the norm
• can lead to alpha or beta bias

Question 3

what is cultural relativism

Answer 3

• the view that all cultures have their own unique set of traditions, beliefs and norms and that they are all equally worth of respect

Question 4

examples of ethnocentrism

Answer 4

• strange situation
• mental health disorders

Question 5

examples of cultural relativism

Answer 5

• berry
• cole

Question 6

consequences of cultural bias

Answer 6

• perpetuating negative stereotypes
• leads to a misrepresentation of behaviour

Question 7

etic approach

Answer 7

• assumes that human behaviour is universal
• studies are conducted in one culture and findings produced are assumed to have universal application to all cultures

Question 8

emic approach

Answer 8

• approach emphasises the uniqueness of every culture by focusing on culturally specific phenomena
• studies involve indigenous researchers studying their own cultural group, findings tend to be significant only to understanding the behaviours within that culture

Question 9

imposed etic

Answer 9

• observations of behaviour in a culture other than our own are prone to diffuclties specifically imposing our own cultural standards when interpreting behaviour
• can lead to behaviours in another culture being misrepresented

Question 10

dealing with culture bias - conducting cross-cultural research

Answer 10

• researchers may be unable to relinquish their own cultural world-view which may always influence their interpretations
• barriers to communicate are numerous: gaining trust of pps, understanding what pps say, relying on interpreters, ensuring equivalence of in translation of materials

Question 11

dealing with culture bias - indigenous research

Answer 11

• acknowledges the role of cultural factors and recognises that human behaviour differs from one culture to another

Question 12

dealing with culture bias - indigenous psychology

Answer 12

• the development of different groups of theories in different countries/cultures

Question 13

what is afrocentrism

Answer 13

• the view that all black people have their roots in africa and that psychological theories concerning black people must be african-centred and must express african-values