Culture and the Culture Learning Process: Cushner Chapter 3 Flashcards
How do you define culture
The totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns
how do you define a subculture?
A subculture refers to a social group with shared characteristics that distinguish it in someway from the larger group in which it is embedded
How do you define a microculture?
A social group that shares distinctive traits, values, and behaviors that set it apart from the parent macroculture
how do you define a minority group?
a social group that occupies a subordinate position in a society
How do you define an ethnic group
Refers to groups who share a common heritage
How is culture objective?
the objective component of culture consists of the visible, tangible elements of a group that is an endless array of physical artifacts the people produce, the language, clothes, food, decorative, ritual objects. Institutions and laws
How is culture subjective?
The subjective components of culture are the invisible, less tangible aspects of culture, such as attitudes the people hold, values they defend, their norms, behavior, manner in which they learn, and a hierarchy of social roles.
What is enculturate?
By means of acculturation of youth into a given culture through implicit and explicit development
What is a culture-specific approach
culture specific approaches look at information about a particular group, usually identified by a specific characteristic, such as race, ethnicity, religion, gender.
What is a cultural-general approach?
how culture affects and indiviudal
What are the sources of cultural identity?
Ethnicity/nationality social class sex/gender health age geographic location sexuality religion social status language ability/disability race
how do you define race? biologically
Biologically speaking is refers to the clustering of inherited physical characteristics that favor adaption to a particular ecological area
how do you define race culturally?
Race is socially defined on the basis of physical criteria such as skin color
What is racism
racism results from the transformation of race prejudice and or ethnocentrism through the exercise of power against a racial group defined as inferior by individuals or institutions
What is a gender role for men in the United States
Aggression
What is a gender role for women in the united states
passive traits, submissive
how is health culturally related?
health is define according to a particular groups’ view of what physical, mental, and emotional states constitute a healthy person.
How is social status defined?
Every culture has their own hierarchies associated with honor, prestige, and value.
What are some of the socializing agents that transmit culture?
Family, School, House of Worship, Community, Neighborhood, peer group, electronic media, sports, the arts, print media, workplace, technology
What is the process of socialization?
socialization is the process by which people learn the norms that are expected of them by a particular group. These patterns include acquisition of a particular language, knowledge of social roles and role behavior, and particular understanding of all aspects of the physical and social environment and normative behavior.
What are the three stages of socialization?
- Primary socialization which involves the socialization of infants and young children by early caregivers
- Secondary socialization which occurs in the neighborhood, religous affiliation, peer group, school, and television and media
- adult socialization involves the socialization of adults into roles, settings, situations
What are some of the consequences of socialization?
Ethnocentrism, perception of the world and categorization,
What is a prototype image?
There is a set of attributes or criteria that best characterize members of that category
What are Stereotypes?
Stereotypes are examples of categories that are socially constructed that define a group of people
