Culture and the Culture Learning Process: Cushner Chapter 3

Question 1

How do you define culture

Answer 1

The totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns

Question 2

how do you define a subculture?

Answer 2

A subculture refers to a social group with shared characteristics that distinguish it in someway from the larger group in which it is embedded

Question 3

How do you define a microculture?

Answer 3

A social group that shares distinctive traits, values, and behaviors that set it apart from the parent macroculture

Question 4

how do you define a minority group?

Answer 4

a social group that occupies a subordinate position in a society

Question 5

How do you define an ethnic group

Answer 5

Refers to groups who share a common heritage

Question 6

How is culture objective?

Answer 6

the objective component of culture consists of the visible, tangible elements of a group that is an endless array of physical artifacts the people produce, the language, clothes, food, decorative, ritual objects. Institutions and laws

Question 7

How is culture subjective?

Answer 7

The subjective components of culture are the invisible, less tangible aspects of culture, such as attitudes the people hold, values they defend, their norms, behavior, manner in which they learn, and a hierarchy of social roles.

Question 8

What is enculturate?

Answer 8

By means of acculturation of youth into a given culture through implicit and explicit development

Question 9

What is a culture-specific approach

Answer 9

culture specific approaches look at information about a particular group, usually identified by a specific characteristic, such as race, ethnicity, religion, gender.

Question 10

What is a cultural-general approach?

Answer 10

how culture affects and indiviudal

Question 11

What are the sources of cultural identity?

Answer 11

Ethnicity/nationality
social class
sex/gender
health
age
geographic location
sexuality
religion
social status
language
ability/disability
race

Question 12

how do you define race? biologically

Answer 12

Biologically speaking is refers to the clustering of inherited physical characteristics that favor adaption to a particular ecological area

Question 13

how do you define race culturally?

Answer 13

Race is socially defined on the basis of physical criteria such as skin color

Question 14

What is racism

Answer 14

racism results from the transformation of race prejudice and or ethnocentrism through the exercise of power against a racial group defined as inferior by individuals or institutions

Question 15

What is a gender role for men in the United States

Answer 15

Aggression

Question 16

What is a gender role for women in the united states

Answer 16

passive traits, submissive

Question 17

how is health culturally related?

Answer 17

health is define according to a particular groups’ view of what physical, mental, and emotional states constitute a healthy person.

Question 18

How is social status defined?

Answer 18

Every culture has their own hierarchies associated with honor, prestige, and value.

Question 19

What are some of the socializing agents that transmit culture?

Answer 19

Family, School, House of Worship, Community, Neighborhood, peer group, electronic media, sports, the arts, print media, workplace, technology

Question 20

What is the process of socialization?

Answer 20

socialization is the process by which people learn the norms that are expected of them by a particular group. These patterns include acquisition of a particular language, knowledge of social roles and role behavior, and particular understanding of all aspects of the physical and social environment and normative behavior.

Question 21

What are the three stages of socialization?

Answer 21

1. Primary socialization which involves the socialization of infants and young children by early caregivers
2. Secondary socialization which occurs in the neighborhood, religous affiliation, peer group, school, and television and media
3. adult socialization involves the socialization of adults into roles, settings, situations

Question 22

What are some of the consequences of socialization?

Answer 22

Ethnocentrism, perception of the world and categorization,

Question 23

What is a prototype image?

Answer 23

There is a set of attributes or criteria that best characterize members of that category

Question 24

What are Stereotypes?

Answer 24

Stereotypes are examples of categories that are socially constructed that define a group of people