Culture Flashcards
Culture
A shared learned way of life, including language and traditions
Norms
A set group of rules, in any group of people, of expected behaviours and things seen as normal. Eg manners
Values
Widely accepted beliefs that something is worthwhile and desirable.
Mores
Behaviours that are seen as completely unacceptable in a culture
Status
Can be held by an individual or a group based on social position
Ascribed status is given and there is very little they can do to change it
Achieved status is earned and based on merit or achievement
Cultural relativity
Something deemed normal in one culture but not in another
Cultural universals
Something found in all or most cultures
Cultural diversity
A country with multiple cultures
Subcultures
A groups in society/cultures with different ideas and beliefs from others around them
Anthropology
The study of culture
Nature
Our biology, genes and physical characteristics
Nurture
The way we were brought up and learn from others
Modelling
Being shown how to do something
Manipulation
Having our behaviours decided for us
Canalisation
Behaviour being channeled into a direction for example girls do ballet
Social control
Maintaining a large group of people, keeping order, abiding by societies norms and values using sanctions
Primary socialisation
Being taught by our family by instruction and demonstration
Parents may use sanctions to encourage or discourage behaviours
CAN ONLY BE FAMILY
Secondary socialisation
Anybody other than family how teaches us
Called Agents of socialisation
Media, Religion, School, Peers and Workplace
Formal socialisation
Being officially taught a skill or how to behave
Informal socialisation
Learning expected behaviours from others without being taught what is expected
Positive sanctions
Rewards for good behaviour to encourage good behaviour
Negative sanctions
Punishment or lose of privileges due to bad behaviour
Feral Child
A child who lived away from large amounts of human contact from a young age( during vital development stages)
David Riemer
Born Bruce then Brenda then David
Born as Bruce, his penis was destroyed in a medical accident when he was a baby
He was brought up female, on the advice of Doctor Money, and was expected to act female but he was not happy in the role and felt and acted female.
We was told he was male when he was a teen and he reverted back to male
He lived unhappily until he committed suicide at 38. This supports nature theory
The wolf girls of Mindapore Amala and Kamala
Two girls were found with a she-wolf in a cave and were rescued by a christian group who brought them to their orphanage.
Amala died soon after being taken in at around two years old
They could both smell meat from far away, could seen in the dark and had very good hearing
They would crawl on their hands and knees, would not sleep after midnight and would howl at the moon
Kamala died nine years after they were taken in, in 1929
Formal curriculum
School teaches formal education this includes subjects like english and science.
The national curriculum was introduced in 1988 and children across the country follow it.
Informal curriculum
Also known as the hidden curriculum
Refers to the messages, norms and values that are passed on to children through a day at school without them realising.
