Culture

Question 1

Business etiquette

Answer 1

Appropriate topics of
conversation, whether or not you should present
a gift, etc.

Question 2

Non-verbal communication

Answer 2

Eye contact and
body language.

Question 3

Monochronic

Answer 3

Time is seen as linear and sequential, and the focus is
placed on one thing at a time in a logical progression.

Question 4

Polychronic

Answer 4

Time is seen as involving many things happening
simultaneously with the participation of many
people. Time is flexible, and schedules are not of primary
importance.

Question 5

Sub-Culture

Answer 5

A cultural group within a larger or predominant culture is distinguished from it by factors such as class, ethnic background, religion, and lifestyle.

Question 6

Counter-Culture

Answer 6

A culture that has values or lifestyles that are in opposition to those of the current accepted culture. Members of a counterculture openly reject the established cultural values that surround them.

Question 7

Cultural Determinants

Answer 7

These are the main factors that shape the culture of a specific group. These include religion, politics, topography or geography, climate, and history.

Question 8

Culture

Answer 8

Culture can be defined as all the ways of life including arts, beliefs, and institutions of a population that are passed down from generation to generation

Question 9

What are cultural norms?

Answer 9

Cultural norms are rules or expectations of behavior and thoughts based on shared beliefs within a specific cultural or social group.

Question 10

What does the term “blood diamond” mean?

Answer 10

This is because the bloodshed in conflict for these diamonds (or funded by these diamonds) is what is most memorable about them.

Question 11

Rationalization

Answer 11

This term refers to any attempt to increase a
company’s effectiveness or efficiency, including
downsizing, cutbacks, layoffs, and relocating
corporate functions and activities to countries that
have cheaper labour and few or no union problems.

Example: Twitter

Question 12

What are Geert Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions?

Answer 12

Power distance index (high versus low)
individualism versus collectivism,
masculinity versus femininity,
uncertainty avoidance index (high versus low)
long versus short-term orientation
indulgence versus restraint

Question 13

What is the difference between a subculture and a counterculture?

Answer 13

A subculture is a culture shared by a smaller group of people who are also part of a larger culture but have specific cultural attributes that set them apart. Countercultures are groups whose members adopt cultural patterns in opposition to the larger culture.

Question 14

Canadian Culture

Question 15

Saudi Arabia Culture

Answer 15

-Revolves around the religion of Islam
-Activity stops five times a day for prayer
-Friday is the holiest day for Muslims;
the weekend begins on Thursday and ends on
Saturday
-Clothing is loose and flowing as the climate is
extremely hot
-Women must wear clothing that leaves
only the hands, feet, and face bare
-Criminal cases are tried under sharia
courts, which enforce a strict, conservative
the version of Sunni Islam

Question 16

Japan Culture

Answer 16

-Predominant religious beliefs are Shintoism and Buddhism
-Belief in the “natural order of things” has translated into
hierarchical relationships among people
-Western culture is embraced, but traditional Japanese culture is
still dominant in terms of food choices, sports, and entertainment
-A definite sense of etiquette and rules of behaviour

Question 17

China Culture and Guanxi

Answer 17

Chinese business culture is largely influenced by Confucianism. Thus, primarily, the Confucian concept of Guanxi implies that a relationship network is crucial and based on the values of solidarity, loyalty, modesty and courtesy.

Guanxi: Guanxi refers to having personal trust and a strong relationship with someone, and can involve moral obligations and exchanging favours.

Question 18

India Culture

Answer 18

Can’t find anything

Question 19

Mexico Culture

Answer 19

Personal relationships, loyalty, strong hierarchy and status consciousness are the main characteristics of Mexican business culture.

Question 20

Brazil Culture

Answer 20

The final decisions are usually made by the highest-ranking person; therefore, it takes some time to make a deal. – In most Brazilian cities, working hours are 8:30 am to 5.00 pm with an hour or two in the middle for lunch.

Question 21

Time perception

Answer 21

Monochronic or Polychronic

Question 22

Spatial perception

Answer 22

Individual comfort levels with
personal space and physical contact

Question 23

Style of Dress for Japan

Answer 23

Japan expects conservative dress for men
and women and shoes should be slipped on for
easy removal.

Question 24

Style of Dress for Brazil

Answer 24

Brazil – casual for men, conservative for
women.

Question 25

How do we learn about our culture?

Answer 25

Some cultural traits can be studied and learned; others (like attitudes and values) can only be understood by living in a country and experiencing the culture first-hand.

Question 26

Extent of Foreign Operations

Answer 26

Primarily domestic operations that export to only one or two foreign markets don’t need to be as
conscious of cultural differences as businesses
that have manufacturing, retail, and other interests
in another country.

Question 27

Level of cultural awareness

Answer 27

Level of cultural awareness depends on how much
business a company does in a foreign country and
the type of business it does there.The level

Question 28

Control of Foreign Operations

Answer 28

Companies that have branch plants or distribution
outlets in other countries that are managed by
local people do not need to have as much
knowledge about cultural differences.

Question 29

Degree of Cultural Differences

Answer 29

-If the culture of the foreign market is similar to
Canadian culture, companies do not need to
spend much time examining cultural differences.
-When the language, habits, beliefs, and attitudes
of a culture are markedly different from
Canada’s, it is important to study the culture of

Question 30

What are the three major components of a “meeting culture”?

Question 31

Power Distance (PDI)

Answer 31

How the difference in power between people is perceived

Question 32

Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI)

Answer 32

How do various cultures adapt to change

Question 33

Masculinity vs Femininity (MAS)

Answer 33

The degree to which a culture values assertiveness, competitiveness, ambition, and the accumulation of material goods

Question 34

Individualism vs Collectivism (IDV)

Answer 34

The extent to which people
are expected to make their own decisions regarding their choice of education, job, etc.

Question 35

Orientation (LTO)

Answer 35

The degree to which cultures value short- or
long-term goals

Question 36

Indulgence vs Restraint (IND)

Answer 36

The extent to which people across different cultures control their desires or impulses

Question 37

Impact of Culture in Business

Answer 37

Culture’s role in business can be as important as the
influence of tariffs, legal regulations, and competition.

Failure to consider that influence could ruin a
negotiation, derail a marketing campaign, and cause
labour unrest.

Question 38

Canadian business people may encounter differences in which following areas?

Answer 38

-Child labour
-Discrimination – gender, race, sexual preference
-Wages- what is acceptable in that country
-Standards and practices
cultural norms
-Indigenous cultures