cultural variations in attachment Flashcards
vann ijzendoorn and kroonenberg
meta-analysis of 32 studies of attachment that came from 8 different countries to find if intra and inter cultural variations existed.
results of studies were combined and weighted for a sample size.
in all countries secure attachment was most common classification. insecure-resistant was overall least common type. insecure-avoidant was highest in Germany and lowest in Japan.
result of the study within cultures were 1.5x greater than those between cultures.
evaluation - countries rather than cultures
meta analysis claimed to study cultural variation but comparison seems to be of different countries not cultures.
within each country there are different s/cs which may have different childcare practices
analysis by vann ijzendoorn and sagi found that distributions of attachment type in tokyo were similar to western studies, whereas a more rural sample had an over-representation of insecure-resistant individuals presumably because data was collected on different s/cs within each country
shows it is more important to look at the particular cultures not countries as the comparisons between countries clearly have little meaning.
evaluation - SS lacks validity
issue with using SS in research - argued it might not measure attachment at all
kagan et al - attachment type is more related to temperament than to relationship with primary attachment figure - SS is not assessing attachment, it is simply measuring anxiety
evaluation - large samples
strength of combining results of attachment studies carried out in different countires - large sample
vann ijzendoorn’s meta analysis - nearly 2000 babies and primary attachment figures
studies like those of jin et al - had large comparison groups from previous research, although their own samples were small
overall sample size is a strength - large samples increase internal validity by reducing impact of anomalous results caused by bad methodology or unusual participants
