Cultural identity, diversity, unconscious bias Flashcards
Whta is unconscious bias?
Bias is a tendency to prefer one person or thing to another and to favour that person or thing
If feelings or attitudes are unconscious then you are not aware you have they but they are shown in the way you behave
What are causes of unconscious bias?
Casual resilience on serotypes
Socialisation
Identity- your race, culture, age, gender religion, economic status ad appearance
Being a human
How do you combat confirmation bias?
Look for others who disagree with your stance
Look for information that counters your view
Consider carefully and assess why you believe what you do and what the other side is
What is the halo effect?
One perceived positive feature or trait makes us view everything about a person in a positive way giving the a ‘halo’
What is the horn effect?
One perceived negative feature or trait ,makes us view everything about a person in a negative way
What is confirmation bias?
Once we make a decision or form an opinion we tend to look for and value further information that confirms this
How to we counter unconscious bias?
Self- awareness: what are your own biases? How do they influence you?
Accountability: of yourself and others
Success: approach others with different views and find out where they are coming from
Understanding
What is diversity?
- The state or quality of being different or varied
- A variety or assortment
- A point of difference
- The inclusion of people of different races, religions, etc.
What is equity compared to equality?
Equity: giving people what they need to succeed
Equality: giving everyone the same
What are microagressions?
Our speech is the hardest thing to control
Sometimes we say things that hurt others sometimes intentionally or unintentionally
What is an example of racism in sport in history?
In 20/21st century it was often argued that superior athletic ability is amongst black sportsmen and women
Jesse Owens: athlete who performed in the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games. He won 4 gold medals however back home in America his success was not appreciated. He continued to be ostracised- not being able to sit at canteen table with white co-athletes
Four years after olympics, a team of physiologists sought to explain the prominence of black athletic stars like Owens. Owens success was not celebrated but was a scientific problem to solve
What were 19/20th century theories train to explain the supposed superior black athletic ability?
Black people have superior physical abilities because of slavery
Black people have a different anatomy to white people
Black people have harder bones
Black people have better sight and hearing
Black people can bear extremes of heat and light better
Black people have different muscle fibres
Black people can bear more pain
What are consequences of ‘superhumanization’ of the black population?
Endowing black people with amazing strength or superior physical abilities can be also considered as dehumanisation- marking people as different but with a positive spin
Superhumanization can lead to minimisation of black pain and black insight into health. E.g. when Serena Williams expressed concerns of having a blood clot on her lung after birth of her daughter, it was dismissed by a nurse. black women are 3-4 times more likely to die from pregnancy related conditions than white women with pain dismissal being one factor.
What is an example of racism in medicine in history?
James Marion Sims was a doctor in the 19th contrary who wanted to perfect a surgery for vesico-vaginal fistula.
However he didn’t want to proactive eon wealthy white women so instead practiced on their slaves because he believed they were property of their owners so didn’t ask for their consent. He believed these women dint experience pain so did procedures with no pain relief.
His achievements in kgynocolgy were celebrated and for many years a stature of him stood in NYC. In 2017 this was taken down
What were the Holmseburg prison experiments?
Many prisoners earned money by participating in clinical experiments run by dermatology department on University of Pennsylvania.
Some of the tests caused severe pain to the patients when test subjects and population were told that the tests were mould and would give a rash at most.
Many of the prisoners needed the money e.g. for lawyers and the testing profited from this
