Cultural Differences

Question 1

Individualistic cultures

Answer 1

Each working to won individual goals. E.g: USA

Question 2

Collectivist Cultures

Answer 2

Co-operation with working towards family or group goals.
. E.g: Japan

Question 3

Van Ijzendoorn - Aim and Procedure

Answer 3

Aim = investigate types of attachment across cultures

Procedure = used meta analysis. All studies had:
1. Used strange situation
2. Only mother-infant pairs
3. Classified infants into attachment types
4. Calculated average for each country

Question 4

Van Ijzendoorn - Results and Conclusions

Answer 4

Results = All 8 countries, most popular - secure. Germany had most avoidant (35%)

Conclusion = may be universal characteristics that underpin caregiver interactions

Question 5

Strengths (Eval)

Answer 5

High Reliability
. Highlights independent and collectivist cultures

Question 6

Weaknesses (Eval)

Answer 6

Not Representative = not equal amount in each country, not all represented

Ethnocentric = using western judgement of attachment