Cultural Deprivation

Question 1

Cultural deprivation definition

Answer 1

Working class families fail to socialise their children adequately and therefore they lack the cultural experiences to do well at school, so they underachieve

Question 2

What did Feinstein find out about parents language impacting their children?

Answer 2

Well educated parents more likely to use challenging language, less educated to use descriptive language, resulting in lower educational performance

Question 3

Which two speech codes did Bernstein identify?

Answer 3

Restricted and elaborated

Question 4

Restricted code

Answer 4

Used by w/c families, limited vocabulary and based on the use of short, grammatically simple sentences. Context bound aswell as slang/swearing

Question 5

Elaborated code

Answer 5

Used by middle class families. Wider vocab with longer more grammatically complex sentences. Context free

Question 6

Why does having an elaborated code mean that students will achieve higher?

Answer 6

Elaborated code is spoken at school by teachers, textbooks and in exams, putting them at an advantage

Question 7

What did Douglas find about parents involvement in their children’s education? (Working class)

Answer 7

Place less value on education, as a result they were less ambitious for their children, with less interest. As a result their children had lower levels of motivation and achievement

Question 8

What did Douglas find about parents involvement in their children’s education? (Middle class)

Answer 8

More aware of what is needed to assist their children’s educational progress, engage in behaviours like reading, teaching letters, numbers, songs, painting, helping with hw

Question 9

What did Bernstein and Young find about better educated parents?

Answer 9

They generally have higher incomes and tend to spend it in ways that promote their children’s educational success, buy educational toys, books etc that stimulate intellectual development

Question 10

Who identified immediate gratification and deferred gratification

Answer 10

Sugarman

Question 11

Immediate gratification

Answer 11

W/c students seek pleasure now rather than making sacrifices in order to get rewards in the future

Question 12

Deferred gratification

Answer 12

Middle class students delay pleasure to get good grades in the future

Question 13

What has been done to tackle cultural deprivation?

Answer 13

Providing extra resources to families, schools and communities in deprived areas e.g. SureStart focuses on parenting skills, enriching experiences & preschool classes so all children are school ready