Cultural and Spiritual Assessments

Question 1

culture

Answer 1

the sum total ways of living for a group of human beings which is transmitted from one generation to another
→ includes concepts, habits, beliefs, skills and arts

Question 2

ethnicity

Answer 2

a group of people, racially, linguistically or historically related who have a common and distinctive culture
→ much diversity exists between and within groups

Question 3

socialization

Answer 3

process of being raised within a culture and acquiring characteristics of that group

Question 4

acculturation

Answer 4

process of adapting to and acquiring another culture

Question 5

assimilation

Answer 5

process of developing a new cultural ID and becoming like members of dominant culture

Question 6

biculturalism

Answer 6

dual pattern of ID and often of divided loyalty

Question 7

ethnicity describes a group united by:

Answer 7

• common geographic origin
• migratory status
• religion
• race
• language
• shared values, traditions, or symbols
• food preferences

Question 8

time orientation

Answer 8

• focus on past: traditions and ancestors play important role in person’s life
• focus on present: little attention to past or future, concerned with now, and future perceived as vague or unpredictable
• focus on future: progress and change highly valued; person may express discontent with both past and present

Question 9

religion and spirituality:

Answer 9

• belief in divine or superhuman power, or powers to be obeyed and worshiped as creator/ruler of universe
• system of beliefs, practices, and ethical values -shared experience of spirituality

Question 10

culture

Answer 10

thoughts, communications, actions, beliefs, values and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious or social groups

Question 11

characteristics of culture:

Answer 11

• learned
• shared
• adapted
• dynamic

Question 12

heritage consistency:

Answer 12

degree to which a person’s lifestyle reflects his or her traditional heritage

Question 13

religion

Answer 13

concerns come from and respond to mysteries of life and death, good, evil, pain and suffering

Question 14

spirituality

Answer 14

is searched for, for people to explain their illnesses or disabilities

	- comes from each person's life experiences
	- aim to find purpose and meaning in life

Question 15

four stages of competency:

Answer 15

1. unconscious incompetence
2. conscious incompetence
3. conscious competence
4. unconscious competence (what HCPs strive for)

Question 16

-Know similarities and differences between cultural and ethnic groups

Answer 16

→ culture: ways of living for a group, transmitted from one generation to next; includes concepts, habits, beliefs, skills, arts, thoughts, actions, communications, values
→ ethnic group: group of people, racially, linguistically, or historically related who have a common and distinctive culture; unified by common geographic orientation, migratory status, religion, race, language, shared values or traditions, food

Question 17

-Describe the Kleinman model as a part of assessment and planning teaching:

Answer 17

→ a way the nurse can ensure proper individualization of care for an unfamiliar culture
→ distinguishes between illness and disease
-illness: uniquely personal experience that a sick person has of what is happening to him/her
-disease: HCPs biomed understanding of the same illness
→ 8 questions to reveal a person’s illness perspective
→ has recognized the various domains of influence on a person’s belief and actions regarding illness and disease

Question 18

Kleinman’s 8 questions

Answer 18

1. what do you call the problem?
2. What do you think caused the problem?
3. Why do you think it started as it did?
4. What do you think the sickness does? How does it work?
5. How severe is the sickness? Will it have a short or long course?
6. What kind of treatment do you think you should receive? What are the most important results you hope to receive from the treatment?
7. What are the chief problems the sickness has caused?
8. What do you fear most about the sickness?

Question 19

-What does RESPECT mean:

Answer 19

→ Realize you must know heritage of yourself and pt
→ examine pt within cultural context
→ select simple questions and speak slowly
→ pace questioning throughout exam
→ encourage pt to discuss meaning of health and illness w you
→ check pts understanding and acceptance of recommendations
→ touch pt within boundaries of his or her heritage