cultural and gender issues

Question 1

gender

Answer 1

role or identity as male or female in society

Question 2

sex

Answer 2

biological differences such as chromosomes, hormones and sex organs

Question 3

alpha bias

Answer 3

when differences between men and women are exaggerated
e.g. research findings that there are real differences between men and women but undervalue one gender compared to the other

Question 4

beta bias

Answer 4

differences between men and women are minimised

Question 5

androcentrism

Answer 5

only studying males then applying it as a ‘universal’ concept to the whole population

Question 6

ethnocentrism

Answer 6

tendency to draw conclusions on ‘universal’ behaviours based on only one culture

Question 7

cross-cultural research

Answer 7

research where more than one culture is studied to find similarities/differences between cultures and decide if something is universal

Question 8

etic in cross-cultural research

Answer 8

attempts to apply universal and culturally neutral concepts to explain and compare behaviour across cultures
assumes most human behaviour is common

Question 9

emic in cross-cultural research

Answer 9

emphasises every cultures differences - focuses on culturally specific phenomena, significant only to that culture