Culinary Skills Flashcards
How can you prevent burns and scalds in the food lab?
Use a potholder or wear oven gloves. Slide food gently into hot oil. Ensure cooking utensils are dry before frying.
Keep your hands dry when using electrical appliances.
What are some ways to prevent cuts in the food lab?
Handle sharp objects with care. Be careful when opening cans and dispose of cans and lids carefully. Keep knives sharp.
How can you prevent fires from breaking out in the kitchen?
Never leave food cooking on the stove unattended. Keep flammable things away from an open flame. Use a timer to avoid burning food. Do not use faulty electrical appliances.
What steps can be taken to prevent slips, trips, and falls in the kitchen?
Make sure that the kitchen floor is dry and free from spills. Keep bags and other loose items off the floor. Keep doors of cabinets and drawers closed.
How can you modify a recipe to reduce fat?
Swap full cream milk with low-fat alternatives. Replace full cream milk with low-fat milk. Swap sour cream with low-fat yoghurt. Replace meat with mushrooms or bean curd. Select leaner cuts of meat. Remove skin from chicken before cooking.
What are some methods to modify a recipe to reduce sugar?
Use spices such as cinnamon or nutmeg. Replace icing sugar with fresh fruits. Use unsweetened dried fruit. Lower the amount of sugar used in a recipe.
How can you modify a recipe to reduce salt?
Choose a low-sodium soya sauce. Replace some salt with herbs, spices or dried shiitake mushrooms. When a recipe needs broth, use a low-sodium version. Use fresh or frozen vegetables instead of canned vegetables.
What are ways to modify a recipe to add more dietary fibre?
Replace meat with beans or vegetables. Add more vegetables to rice dishes and soups. Swap half of the refined white flour with wholemeal options. Replace refined pasta with wholegrain pasta. Swap white rice with brown rice. Add chopped nuts as a garnish in salads.
What is baking?
Baking uses hot air around the food to cook it from all sides, in an enclosed oven.
Suitable for cakes, cookies, pastry, fish and some vegetables.
What is deep-frying?
Deep-frying involves placing food in a deep layer of boiling fat, usually oil.
Suitable for poultry, meat, fish, vegetables, fruits and food made with dough.
What is stir-frying?
Stir-frying involves cooking small pieces of food in a little oil.
Suitable for poultry, meat, fish, vegetables, rice and noodles.
What are some tips for baking?
Preheat oven before baking, place the oven rack in the middle, keep the oven door closed, and wear oven gloves.
What are some tips for deep-frying?
The oil must be hot before submerging the food, and be careful when lowering or removing food from the oil.
What are some tips for stir-frying food?
Slice ingredients into similar sized pieces, prepare all ingredients before heating the pan, the oil must be hot before food is added, and move the food in and out of the centre quickly when frying.
What is boiling?
Boiling is when liquid is heated to boiling temperature.
Suitable for vegetables, eggs, rice, pasta, noodles, poultry and meat.
What are some tips for boiling?
Do not fill the pot more than three-quarters full, liquid should cover the food completely, and pieces of food should be of similar sizes.
What is steaming?
Steaming uses steam to cook food.
Suitable for poultry, meat, vegetables, fish, eggs.
What are some tips for steaming food?
Do not let the water boil dry, use a multi-tiered steamer, and let some steam escape before lifting out the food.
What is microwaving?
Microwaving cooks or heats food in a microwave oven using electromagnetic waves.
Suitable for fish, vegetables, eggs (without shells), rice, noodles and pasta.
What are some tips for microwaving?
Use microwave-safe dishes or containers, and be careful when handling as steam can cause scalds.
What is the first food preparation technique listed?
Dicing
What is the second food preparation technique listed?
Slicing
What is the third food preparation technique listed?
Chopping
What skill is essential for food preparation?
Knife skills
What technique involves creating sauces?
Sauce making
What is the process of making dough called?
Dough making
What is the technique that involves incorporating fat into flour?
Creaming
What is the focus of Chapter 5?
Culinary skills
What are the three types of cake/pastry/biscuit making methods?
One-stage, Thin batter, Thick batter
What is the process of combining ingredients to create a mixture?
Batter making
What technique involves enclosing food in a wrapper?
Wrapping
What technique involves forming food into a specific shape?
Shaping
What method involves rubbing fat into flour?
Rubbing-in method
What effects do types and amounts of ingredients have on cooking?
Different types and amounts of ingredients have different effects on cooking.
How do different cooking methods affect food?
Different cooking methods used to cook food have different effects on cooking.
What changes occur in food during cooking?
Cooking changes the appearance, flavour, and texture of food.
How can changes in food due to cooking be recorded?
These changes can be recorded through sensory evaluation.
