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History 2 > CubanMissile Crisis > Flashcards

CubanMissile Crisis Flashcards

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1
Q

How did the USA attempt to remove Castro from power?

A
  • American CIA organised attack on Cuba using Cuban exiles in April 1961
  • plan was to make base at remote part if Cuba called Bay of Pigs.
  • expected other Cubans to rise up and join
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2
Q

Why did the invasion fail

A
  • Americans underestimated strength of Cuban armed forces and how popular Castro was
  • No widespread support from Cuban people
  • humiliation for Kennedy
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3
Q

What was the result of the Cuban missile crisis

A

Castro and Khruschev grow close by common enemy

Cuba needs support of USSR

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4
Q

Why did the USSR become involved with Cuba

A
  • 1959 Fidel Castro(left wing) comes into power in Cuba from left wing revolution
  • Castro ejected US businesses, in retaliation US boycotted sugar»Cuba’s main export
  • USSR saw this as opportunity to get a base close to USA. They started supplying machinery, oil and technical assistance
  • 1961, by this time USA had broken off all relations with Cuba
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5
Q

why did Khruschev decide to supply the Cubans (real reasons)

A

-At request of Cuban government
»Americans have been inhumane, pity
-to have a base near America as US had one in Turkey
-deploy missiles in secret without detection
-close base can use short range missiles
-protect other communists

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6
Q

What were Khruschev’s justifications for supplying the Cubans

A

To deter aggression between Cuba and USA

To defend Cuba

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7
Q

What happened on the 16th October(Cuban missile crisis)

A

Kennedy informed of missile sites and approaching soviet ships

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8
Q

What happened on 22nd October (CMC)

A

Kennedy announced a blockade stretching 3300km around Cuba

  • Kennedy informed Khruschev anyships in the zone would be stopped and searched
  • any ships carrying offensive military equipment would be ordered to turn around
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9
Q

What happened on the 23rd October(Cuban missile crisis)

A

Khruschev says Russian ships will not observe blockade.

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10
Q

What happened on the 24th October(Cuban missile crisis)

A

Blockade begins

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11
Q

What happened on 25th October (Cuban Missile crisis)

A

25th October more aerial photography

Showed military bases increasing

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12
Q

What happened on 26th October (Cuban Missile crisis)

A

Khruschev sent urgent letter to Kennedy

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13
Q

What happened on 27th October (Cuban Missile crisis)

A

Khruschev sent another letter with different demands
»Russia would only remove their missiles if US removed theirs from Turkey.
»Kennedy’s brother Robert met with Russian ambassador

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14
Q

What happened on 28th October (Cuban Missile crisis)

A

Dobrynin, Soviet ambassador agreed to Roberts proposal that US would remove their missiles once Russians had theirs

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15
Q

What were the effects of the Cuban missile crisis for Kennedy and the USA

A
  • public victory for Kennedy
  • good for his reputation
  • realised dangers of direct conflict with USSR
  • great tension with USSR
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16
Q

What were the effects of the Cuban missile crisis Khruschev and the USSR

A

-public defeat
-deal on missiles in Turkey kept secret
»appeared USSR had backed down
-damaging for Soviet leader.
-put Khruschev in bad position at home
-led to his fall from power in 1964
-Pushed China to follow their own line in politics
»they were unimpressed by Soviets.
-shocked at how close they came to another war

17
Q

What was the Cuban missile effect on the Super-power relations

A

USA’s European allies felt unhappy with their lack of involvement
»felt their opinion wasn’t as important as USA’s
-France pulled out of NATO
-Western Europe encouraged to follow independent line
-China follow their own line of politics.

18
Q

What were the lasting effects of the Cuban missile crisis

A

In 1963, a telephone hotline was set up to give instant contact between the two leaders if there was a crisis

  • in 1963, Nuclear test ban treaty signed
  • in 1968, Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty was signed - the super powers promised not to supply nuclear technology to other countries

History 2 (6 decks)

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