CTCW Flashcards
refers to the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide. This process has increased due to advances in transportation and communication technology.
Globalization
impacts culture, politics, the environment, and economics by connecting different parts of the world.
Globalization
is a wide-ranging phenomenon affecting all aspects of life, overcoming borders between countries and making the world more interconnected.
Globalization
Who said that globalization means the onset of a “borderless world” where national boundaries don’t stop the movement of goods, people, and ideas
Kenichi Ohmae
Who talks about globalization as the internationalization of production and labor, meaning that factories or workers may be located in different parts of the world.
Robert Cox
Barriers like geography (mountains, oceans) prevent things from moving easily.
Solidity
How things (goods, ideas, people) move freely across the globe.
Liquidity
The constant movement and exchange of people, goods, and information between countries.
Flows
Connecting the world’s financial systems, like stock markets.
Financial Globalization
worldwide economic system that permits easy movement of goods, production, capital, and resources (free trade)
Economic globalization
Using technology (internet, smartphones) to connect people globally.
Technological Globalization
Countries adopting similar laws or governments to interact better
Political Globalization
merging of world’s cultures e.g. food, entertainment, and language
Cultural globalization
Viewing the Earth as one ecosystem and addressing environmental issues globally.
Ecological Globalization
belief that all humans are global citizens, deserving the same rights.
Sociological Globalization
Globalization is driven by the free market and individual freedom. It happens because people want to improve their lives and have access to better goods and services.
Liberalism
Focuses on how powerful countries (like the US or China) compete for control. Globalization is just another way countries try to expand their influence.
Political Realism
Argues that globalization increases inequality by allowing rich countries to exploit poor ones. The global economy is built to benefit the wealthy.
Marxism
way people have constructed the social world with language, symbols, images, and interpretation from forms of consciousness by focusing on how social actors ‘construct’ their world in their own minds and by conversing with others like dialogue and symbolic exchanges but it neglects structural inequalities and power hierarchies in social
relations
Constructivism
Looks at how globalization creates power structures that define what is “normal” or “correct.” It criticizes the dominance of Western ideas and culture.
Postmodernism
Examines how globalization affects gender roles, often highlighting how women are marginalized in the global economy.
Feminism
Combines all social theories views to explain globalization. It suggests that different factors—like production, governance, identity, and knowledge—all shape globalization.
Eclecticism
refers to the idea that the world is becoming more similar because different cultures, economies, and political systems are adopting common practices.
Homogeneity
This theory suggests that the world is becoming more uniform or similar. As globalization spreads, cultural differences, economic systems, and political orientations begin to blend, creating common practices across the globe.
Homogeneity
The opposite of homogeneity, this theory means that globalization leads to the creation of different cultural practices, new types of economies, and varied political groups. This highlights how globalization can also increase diversity.
Heterogeneity
This occurs when one culture (usually from a powerful country) influences and often dominates other cultures. Through media, trade, and politics, the dominant culture spreads its values and lifestyle.
Cultural Imperialism
Similar to cultural imperialism, but focused on global media. Large, dominant media corporations (often from the US or Europe) influence global media consumption, leaving little room for media from developing countries.
Media Imperialism
This refers to the process where people in other countries adopt products and lifestyles that are closely associated with the United States. American brands, culture, and political ideas spread widely.
Americanization
process by which Western countries are led by principles of fast food restaurants involving global spread of rational systems such as efficiency, calculability, predictability and control
McDonaldization
process where nations or corporations impose themselves on geographic areas to gain profits
Grobalization
A term coined by Roland Robertson, this refers to how global and local forces blend together to create something unique. It means adapting global trends to fit local customs or needs.
Glocalization
